HUBUNGAN FUNGSITIROID DENGAN GANGGUAN PENDENGARAN PADA ANAK SINDROM DOWN

Abstract

Background: Children with Down syndrome have increased risk of health problems. Two common health problems in children with Down syndrome are thyroid dysfunction and hearing disorder. These health problems could inhibit the growth and development of children with Down syndrome. Aim: To find out the correlation of thyroid function and hearing disorder in children with Down syndrome. Methods: This retrospective observational study was done by taking data from medical records of Down syndrome patients in RSUP dr. Kariadi, Semarang. The subjects is Down syndrome children who underwent medical checkup in RSUP dr. Kariadi, Semarang. Data are subject’s characteristic, thyroid test result, and hearing test result for both ears by tympanometri, OAE and, BERA. Chi-square test and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis. Result: 32 subjects met the inclusion criteria in this study. 62.5% of them had hypothyroidism. 21 children had hearing loss with two children suffered a unilateral hearing loss so that there are 40 ears (62,5%) had hearing loss by 35% suffered from type CHL and 65% suffered from type SNHL. The Spearman test showed a weak degree correlation between thyroid function and hearing disorder (r = 0.267; p = 0.033). The Chi-square test showed an association between thyroid function with type of hearing disorder (p = 0.007). Conclusion: There is a weak degree correlation between thyroid function and hearing disorder in children with Down syndrome. Keywords: Down syndrome, thyroid, Hearing, CHL, SNHL