FAKTOR RISIKO INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL PADA PASIEN ANAK DI RUANG HCU DAN PICU RSUP DR KARIADI SEMARANG

Abstract

Background. Nosocomial infection or hospital acquired infection is defined as infection occurring beyond 3 x 24 hours after hospital admission. It leads to increased of length of stay, a higher costs, and increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, important to know the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Aims. To determine underlying diseases, length of stay more than a week, antibiotics used more than a week, invasive procedures, and decubitus ulcer as risk factors of nosocomial infection in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and High Care Unit (HCU) of Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Methods. Observational analytic using cross-sectional approach was conducted at Dr. Kariadi Hospital according to medical records of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and High Care Unit (HCU) patients within January 2014 – December 2014. Subjects were selected by consecutive sampling. Odds ratio of risk factors and nosocomial infection were analyzed by chi-square test, and considered significant if p<0,05. Results. Based on chi-square test, length of stay more than a week [p=0,046; OR=4,9 (0,920-26,107)], antibiotics used more than a week [p=0,026; OR=3,5 (1,139-10,996)] and decubitus ulcer [p=0,009; OR=11,1 (1,305-95,137)] are associated with higher incidence of nosocomial infection. Conclusion. Length of stay more than a week, antibiotics used more than a week, and decubitus ulcer are the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Keywords. Nosocomial infection, length of stay, antibiotics, decubitus ulcer