MODIFIKASI COOLING TOWER TIPE INDUCED DRAFT ALIRAN COUNTERFLOW ( MODIFICATION INDUCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER TYPE FLOW COUNTERFLOW )

Abstract

Proses Modifikasi Cooling Tower Tipe Induced Draft Aliran Counterflow bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa cooling tower yang sebelumnya masih terdapat kekurangan. Modifikasi cooling tower ini dilakukan dengan menambahkan pipa PVC setinggi 10 cm sebagai bahan pengisi, mengganti exhaust fan yang lama dengan exhaust fan yang baru, serta menambahkan komponen indikator seperti temperature suhu, dan RH meter. Pada proses modifikasi cooling tower ini dilakukan dengan beberapa pendekatan diantaranya termodinamika, perpindahan kalor dan mekanika fluida. Karakteristik cooling tower dari data manual berupa range, approach dan beban kalor tentu tidak relevan dengan kondisi operasional saat ini.Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pengujiaan karakteristik cooling tower sesuai dengan kondisi setempat.Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur thermometer, thermohygrometer, anemometer, dan flowmeter pada cooling tower. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan kapasitas 2 l/min sampai 22 l/min menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas cooling tower berkisar 11,76 % s.d 29,74 % dengan rata - rata 20,84 %; cooling range 3,2 ºC sampai 6,9 ºC dengan rata-rata 5,1 ºC; approach berkisar 16,3 ºC sampai 25,2 ºC dengan rata-rata 19,87 ºC. Kapasitas pendinginan adalah berkisar 0,67 kW s.d. 7,56 kW dengan rata - rata 4,17 kW. Perbandingan L/G 0,1758 s.d 0,7143 dengan rata - rata L/G 0,3168 (kg air/ kg udara). Kata kunci : cooling tower, modifikasi, cooling range, approach, efektivitas, kapasitas pendinginan Modification Process Induced Draft Cooling Tower with Counterflow is made toimprove cooling tower performance that previou slythere are still short comings. Cooling tower modification is done by adding the height of 10cm PVC pipe as afiller material, replacing the old exhaust fan exhaust fan with a new one, and adding components such as temperature indicators temperature and RH meter. In the process of cooling tower modification is done by sever al approaches including thermodynamics, heat transfer andfluid mechanics. Characteristics of a cooling tower in the form of manual data range, approach and the heat load is not necessarily relevant to the current operating conditions. There fore it takes test characteristic cooling tower in accordance with local conditions. The study was conducted by using at hermometer measuring devices, thermohygrometer, anemometer, and a flowmeteron the cooling tower. The test results by using thecapacity of 2l / min to 22l / mins howed that the effectiveness of cooling tower range11.76% to 29.74% with an average of 20.84%; cooling range of 3.2ºC to 6.9ºC with an average of 5.11ºC; approach ranges from16.3ºC to 25.2ºC with an average of 19.87ºC. Capacity of cooling range 0,67 kW to 7,56 kW with an average 4,17 kW. Comparison of L/G of 0,1758 to 0,7143 with an average L/G0,3168 (kg water/kgair). Keywords: cooling tower, modification, coolingrange, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity