PENGARUH RASIO KATALIS PADA PRODUKSI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN REAKSI KATALITIS TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK NABATI DAN METANOL DENGAN METODE DISTILASI REAKTIF ( Effect of Catalyst Ratio on Biodiesel Production using a Catalytic Trans-esterification Reaction of Vegetable Oil and Methanol with

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel that is produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. Generally, it is formed by trans-esterification reaction of triglycerides in the vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol. In this work, trans-esterification reaction was carried out using cooking oil, methanol and Sodium hydroxide as a catalyst by reactive distillation method. In order to determine the best conditions for biodiesel production by reactive distillation, the experiments were carried out at temperature (65°C), sodium hydroxide (0,8% by weight, 0,9% weight, 1% by weight). Physicochemical characteristic of the biodiesel were color test, density test, viscosity test, amount of yield and Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry test. Biodiesel product from cooking oil was analyzed by ASTM (American Standard for Testing Material). The results show that the biodiesel produced has the quality required to be a diesel substitute. Key words: biodiesel, trans-esterification, reactive distillation