MODIFIKASI COOLING TOWER TIPE INDUCED DRAFT ALIRAN COUNTERFLOW ( MODIFICATION INDUCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER TYPE FLOW COUNTERFLOW )

Abstract

Proses Modifikasi Cooling Tower Tipe Induced Draft Aliran Counterflow bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa cooling tower yang sebelumnya masih terdapat kekurangan. Modifikasi cooling tower ini dilakukan dengan menambahkan pipa PVC setinggi 20 cm sebagai bahan pengisi, mengganti exhaust fan yang lama dengan exhaust fan yang baru, serta menambahkan komponen indikator seperti temperature suhu, dan RH meter. Pada proses modifikasi cooling tower ini dilakukan dengan beberapa pendekatan diantaranya termodinamika, perpindahan kalor dan mekanika fluida Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur thermometer, thermohygrometer, anemometer, dan flowmeter pada cooling tower. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan kapasitas 2 l/min sampai 22 l/min menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas cooling tower berkisar 21,71 % s.d. 41,05 % dengan rata-rata 26,65 %; cooling range 5,3 ̊C sampai 9,4 ̊C dengan rata-rata 6,75 ̊C; approach berkisar 13,5 ºC sampai 20,4 ºC dengan rata-rata 18,65 ̊C. Kapasitas pendinginan berkisar 1,31 kW s.d. 12,47 kW dengan rata – rata 5,40 kW. Perbandingan L/G 0,0784 s.d 0,4582 dengan rata-rata L/G 0.2447 (kg air/ kg udara). Number of transfer unit (NTU) berkisar 0,1368 s.d. 1,5713 dengan rata - rata NTU 0,6950 kW/(kj/kg beda entalpi). Number of transfer unit (NTU) berkisar 0,3623 s.d. 1,6161 dengan rata - rata NTU 0,8023 kW/(kj/kg beda entalpi). Kata kunci : cooling tower, modifikasi, efektivitas, cooling range, approach, kapasitas pendinginan Modification Process Induced Draft Cooling Tower with Counterflow is made to improve cooling tower performance that previously there are still shortcomings. Cooling tower modification is done by adding the height of 20 cm PVC pipe as a filler material, replacing the old exhaust fan exhaust fan with a new one, and adding components such as temperature indicators temperature and RH meter. In the process of cooling tower modification is done by several approaches including thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics. The study was conducted by using a thermometer measuring devices, thermohygrometer, anemometer, and a flowmeter on the cooling tower. The test results by using the capacity of 2 l/m into 22 l/m in showed that the effectiveness of cooling tower range 21,71% to 41,05% with an average of 26,65%; cooling range of 5,3 ºC to 9,4 ºCwith an average of 6,75C; approach ranges from 13,5 ºC to 20,4 ºC with an average of 18,65 ºC. Capacity of cooling range 1,31 kW to 12,47with an average 5,40 kW.Comparison of L/G of 0,0784 to 0,4582 withan average L/G 0.2447 (kg water/kgair). ). Comparison of NTU about 0,3623 to 1,6161 with an average NTU 0,8023 kW/(kJ/kg different enthalpy). Keywords: cooling tower, modification, effectiveness, coolingrange, approach, cooling capacity