ANALISIS PENGARUH KETIMPANGAN GENDER TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

Abstract

Gender refers to a relationship between men and women and how these social relations are constructed. Gender inequality occurs in all aspects of life. The results of human development does not provide fair benefits between men and women and have not been quite effective in improving the achievement of women's development in the areas of health, education, and economics. Gender inequality in rights, resources, and political access does not only harm women in general, but also harm the society which causes inhibition in development. The low gender equality will restrain productivity, economic growth and reduce the efficiency of development as a whole. The objective of this research is to analyze the gender inequality and the effect of gender inequality on economic growth in 35 districts/cities in Central Java Province. Analytical methods used were descriptive statistics and regression panel data. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze gender inequality in Central Java with two approaches namely the difference between the Human Development Index (HDI) with GDI (Gender Development Index) and the Gender Inequality Index (GII) UNDP. Regression analysis of panel data with the method Fixed Effect LSDV Model is used to analyze the effect of gender inequality on economic growth. The data used in this study is secondary data. The results of descriptive analysis show that there is gender inequality in each district /city in Central Java province during the years 2008 to 2012. During this period, the gender inequality tends to decrease each year. Through the first approach, the gender inequality ranged from 0.88 to 15.364 percent. Through the second approach, the gender disparity ranged from 33.02 to 45.13 percent. The result of regression analysis shows that there are positive and significant effect of male-female ratio of life expectancy, female-male ratio of the means of school years on economic growth in Central Java province in 2008 to 2012 And the female-male ratio of labor force participation have a negative correlation to economic growth in Central Java province in 2008 to 2012