PENGARUH KONSUMSI JAMBU BIJI (PSIDIUM GUAJAVA. L) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL ANEMIA YANG MENDAPAT SUPLEMENTASI TABLET FE (Studi Kasus Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Indrapuri Kabupaten Aceh Besar Propinsi Aceh)

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Anemia defisiensi besi pada wanita hamil merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dialami oleh wanita diseluruh dunia terutama di Negara berkembang. World Health Organization (WHO) melaporkan bahwa prevalensi ibu hamil yang mengalami defisiensi besi sekitar 35-75%. Berdasarkan data Profil Kesehatan Puskesmas Kecamatan Indrapuri Kabupaten Aceh Besar (2013), jumlah ibu hamil yang menderita anemia sebanyak 59.6%. Tujuan Penelitian : Membuktikan Pengaruh konsumsi jambu biji (Psidium Guajava.L) terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil anemia yang mendapat suplementasi tablet Fe. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan jenis penelitian quasy experiment menggunakan rancangan nonrandomized pretest and posttest with control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil trimester III sebanyak 82 orang, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil trimester III yang anemia (Hb<11 gr/dl) sebanyak 34 orang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Ibu hamil yang mendapat suplemen tablet Fe saja (kelompok kontrol) dan Ibu hamil yang mendapat suplemen tablet Fe dan mengkonsumsi juice jambu biji (kelompok perlakuan).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak tanggal 9-28 Desember 2013 menggunakan alat pengukuran Hb (Hemoglobin Testing System Quik-Check) dan lembar observasi. Analisa data menggunakan Uji T-Test Dependent dan T-Test Independent. Hasil Penelitian : Ada perbedaan kadar hemoglobin kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan dengan p value 0.014 < 0.05, setelah intervensi rata-rata peningkatan kadar Hb pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 0.77 gr/dl sedangkan kelompok perlakuan rata-rata peningkatannya sebesar 1.6 gr/dl. Kesimpulan dan saran : Dengan adanya perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan maka seluruh ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe harus disertai dengan konsumsi 100 gram jambu biji perhari untuk membantu penyerapan zat besi secara optimal. Salah satu bahan makanan dengan kandungan vitamin C yang tinggi adalah jambu biji. Kata Kunci : Jambu Biji, Tablet Fe, Ibu hamil Anemia. Background : Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is a health problem faced by women around the world, especially in developing countries. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the prevalence of pregnant women have iron deficiency around 35-75%. Based on data from Indrapuri subdistrict health center Health Profile Aceh Besar (2013), the number of pregnant women suffer from anemia as much as 59.6%. Objective : Proving Effect of consumption of guava (Psidium Guajava.L) to changes in hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women who received supplementation tablets Fe. Methods : This research is descriptive Analytical Quasy experiment with this type of research using nonrandomized pretest and posttest design with control group design. The population in this study was the entire third trimester pregnant women as many as 82 people, while the sample in this study is the third trimester pregnant women were anemic (Hb<11 g / dl) as many as 34 people were divided into 2 groups. Pregnant women who received iron supplements alone (control group) and pregnant women who received iron supplements and eating guava juice (treatment group). Research was carried out from the date of 9-28 December 2013 using a measurement of Hb (Hemoglobin Testing System Quik-Check) and the observation sheet. Analysis of the data using the T-Test Test Dependent and Independent T-Test. Results : There are differences in hemoglobin levels control group to the treatment group with p value 0.014>0.05, after the intervention the average increase in hemoglobin concentration in the control group was 0.77 g / dl, while the treatment group mean increase of 1.6 g / dl. Conclusions and suggestions : Given the significant difference between the control group to the treatment group then all pregnant women to consume tablets Fe must be accompanied by the consumption of 100 grams of guava a day to help the absorption of iron optimally. One of the foods with a high content of vitamin C are guava. Keywords : Guava, Tablet supplementation Fe, pregnant women Anemia.