Pelaksanaan Sistem Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan : Studi Kasus Pertanian Padi Organik di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pemerintah Republik Indonesia melalui Departemen Pertanian telah mencanangkan program Go to Organic dalam rangka mendorong percepatan berkembangnya pertanian organik di beberapa daerah Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pelaksanaan sistem pertanian padi organik di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang. Secara spesifik, tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Menganalisis pelaksasnaan program pertanian padi organik di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang; dan (2) Mengevaluasi pelaksanaan sistem pertanian padi organik ditinjau dari standar pertanian organik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang mulai dari bulan April 2013 sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2013. Data primer diperoleh dari pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan menggunakan kuesioner di wilayah sampel yang telah ditetapkan. Variabel/fenomea yang diamati antara lain adalah kesesuaian antara pelaksanaan pertanian padi organik di masyarakat dengan kriteria pertanian organik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para petani telah melaksanakan Sistem Pertanian Padi Organik (SPPO) dengan prosentase 83,3 persen dan Sistem Pertanian Konvensional (SPK) 16,7 persen. Pemerintah telah memiliki kebijakan pengembangan pertanian padi organik antara lain dalam bentuk sosialisasi dalam pengembangan pertanian padi organik dan pembinaan secara teknis dalam pengembangan pertanian padi organik. Secara umum masyarakat di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang sudah mengenal pertanian yang berwawasan lingkungan yaitu pertanian padi organik. Di masyarakat telah berkembang pertanian padi organik dan masih perlu dikembangkan. Pada dasarnya kegiatan budidaya padi organik di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang sebenarnya belum dapat dikatakan sepenuhnya sebagai pertanian padi organik atau lebih tepat disebut sebagai sistem pertanian semi organik. [Kata kunci: pertanian organik; evaluasi; Kabupaten Semarang; analisis program] ABSTRACT The Republic of Indonesia Government through the Ministry of Agriculture has launched a program of “Go to Organic 2010” in order to accelerate the development of organic agriculture in some regions of Indonesia. This research aims to study the implementation of organic rice farming systems in District of Susukan, Semarang Regency. Specifically, the objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the program implementation of organic rice farming in the district of Susukan Semarang Regency, and (2) to evaluate the implementation of organic rice farming systems in terms of organic farming standards. The experiment was conducted in the Susukan District of Semarang Regency ranging from April to August 2013. Primary data were obtained from direct observations in the field using a questionnaire at predetermined sample area. Variables observed include correspondence between the implementation of organic rice farming in the community with organic farming criteria. The results showed that the farmers have implemented Organic Rice Farming Systems (ORFS) with a percentage of 83.3 percent and Conventional Farming Systems (CFS) 16.7 percent. The government has had a policy of organic rice farming, among others in the form of socialization in the development of organic rice farming and technical guidance in the development of organic rice farming. In general, community in the Susukan District of Semarang Regency has known environmentally farming of organic rice farming. In the rice farming community has grown organically and still need to be developed. Basically organic paddy cultivation in the district of Susukan District of Semarang Regency actually can not be said to be fully as organic rice farming, or more accurately called as semi-organic farming systems. [Key words: organic farming; evaluation; Semarang Regency; program analysis]