PENERAPAN SUBSISTEM AGRIBISNIS SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN PETANI KUBIS (Brassica oleraceae L.) DI DESA WANARAJA KECAMATAN WANAYASA KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem agribisnis, tingkat pendapatan petani, dan pengaruh subsistem agribisnis terhadap pendapatan petani kubis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Februari 2011, di Desa Wanaraja, Kecamatan Wanayasa, Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara acak sederhana dengan jumlah sampel 125 orang dari populasi sebanyak 430 petani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei, sedangkan kuesioner digunakan sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, meliputi analisis pendapatan dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan petani kubis sebesar Rp. 546.409,- pada luas lahan rata-rata 2.956 m2 dalam satu musim tanam dengan rata-rata produksi 1,36 ton. Nilai keuntungan petani kubis tersebut dihitung dari pengurangan penerimaan usahatani kubis sebesar Rp. 2.271.944,- dengan biaya produksinya sebesar Rp. 1.696.776,-. Apabila dikonversikan ke dalam hektar, maka produktivitas yang dicapai masih sangat rendah karena hanya 4,56 ton perhektar sedangkan rata-rata produktivitas kubis di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2009 mencapai 18,50 ton perhektar dan potensi produksi kubis hibrida green coronet yang banyak ditanam petani di Banjarnegara mencapai 30 – 45 ton perhektar. Penerapan subsistem sarana produksi dan proses produksi atau usahatani berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan petani kubis yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai signifikansi masing-masing sebesar 0.000 dan 0.022, sedangkan subsistem pasca panen dan pengolahan hasil serta pemasaran tidak berpengaruhnya nyata yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai signifikansi dari masing-masing subsistem yaitu 0.749 dan 0.224. Kata kunci : Agribisnis, produksi, pendapatan, petani kubis. The objectives of the research was to find out the implementation of Agribusiness subsystem, level of income, expenses and profit obtained by the farmer from the cabbage agribusiness. The research was done in February 2011, in Wanaraja village and Wanayasa sub districts which were located in Banjarnegara Regency. There were 125 people who simply selected randomly as the sample of the population. The method had been used was survey, the sample took by purposive sampling method about 125 farmers from 430 population of cabbage farmers, and questioner form had been used as tool for data collection. The analysis that had been used was quantitative descriptive analysis which consists of income analysis and multiple linier regresion analysis. The result of the research shows that the profit of cabbage cultivation in 2.956 m2 field area in average was 546.409 rupiah with production about 1.36 tons. The profit counted from the difference of net revenue was 2,271,944 rupiah minus total cost was 1,696,776. If this result converted to a hectare wide area, the productivity that has been achieved was only 4,56 tons per hectare which was to low in comparison with the cabbage productivity in Central Java generally which was 18.50 tons per hectare; whereas the potential of hybrid cabbage production, the green coronet was about 30 – 45 tons per hectare. The implementation of agribusiness system especially the production input supplying subsystem, and the cultivation subsystem has real influnced to farmers income in Banjarnegara which was showed by each significant value as 0.000 and 0.022. Whereas, the post harvest subsystem, and the marketing subsystem has no real influenced to farmers income which was showed by each significant value as 0.749 and 0.224. Keywords : Agribusiness,production, farmers income, cabbage farmer.