PEMULIAAN (BREEDING) ASAS-ASAS HUKUM PERJANJIAN DALAM PERJANJIAN PEMBIAYAAN DENGAN OBJEK BARANG MODAL YANG BERKEMBANG DI MASYARAKAT (Studi Tentang Perjanjian Leasing di Indonesia)

Abstract

Perjanjian leasing sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat, namun dalam praktik terdapat penyimpangan asas-asas hukum perjanjian dan prinsip- prinsip leasing, sehingga dibutuhkan pemuliaan asas-asas hukum perjanjian. Problematik disertasi ini adalah bagaimanakah hubungan hukum antara para pihak dan penerapan asas-asas hukum perjanjian dalam perjanjian leasing di masyarakat, mengapa pemuliaan asas-asas hukum perjanjian perlu dilakukan oleh para pihak, bagaimanakah asas-asas hukum perjanjian hasil pemuliaan yang dapat menciptakan hubungan hukum yang seimbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan bukti-bukti penyimpangan terhadap asas-asas hukum perjanjian maupun prinsip-prinsip leasing dan alasan perlunya dilakukan pemuliaan asas-asas hukum perjanjian yang berakhir pada upaya melakukan pemuliaan asas-asas hukum perjanjian. Untuk menjawab problematik penelitian diperlukan metode penelitian bertradisi kualitatif, paradigma penelitian konstruktivisme, dengan pendekatan triangular concept of legal pluralism, dengan melakukan penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Lessor dan lessee menjadi informan kunci. Hubungan hukum yang tidak seimbang, penyimpangan asas- asas hukum perjanjian dan prinsip-prinsip leasing sebagai akibat adanya conflict of interest, perbedaan budaya hukum dijelaskan dengan Teori Momentum Terjadinya Perjanjian, Daya Mengikatnya Perjanjian, Asas-asas Hukum Perjanjian, Asas Hukum Ekonomi, Sibernetika, Interaksionalis Simbolik, Konflik, Bekerjanya Hukum dalam Masyarakat, Kompleksitas, legal Pluralism, Negara Kesejahteraan, Masyarakat Prismatik. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam praktik perjanjian leasing terdapat penyimpangan asas-asas hukum perjanjian dan prinsip- prinsip leasing sehingga menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan; pemuliaan asas- asas hukum perjanjian harus dilakukan agar terjadi keseimbangan; Asas hukum perjanjian hasil pemuliaan adalah asas harmoni sebagai asas hukum perjanjian prismatik, yang merupakan integrasi dari asas kepatutan, keadilan, laras, rukun, keseimbangan, proporsionalitas. Kata Kunci: pemuliaan, asas hukum perjanjian, pembiayaan, leasing, barang modal Leasing agreement is extremely useful for society, but there are many deviations from the principles of contract law and the principles of leasing in actual practices, so that is needed to make the breeding of the principles contract law. The problems of this thesis are: the legal relations between the contracting parties and the implementation of the contract law principles in the leasing agreement in the society, why the breeding of the principles of contract law is needed to be done by the contracting parties, how this breeding of the law contract could creat the balancing. The aims of this research are to find out the proves of the deviations from the principles of contract law or the leasing principles, and the reasons why it is needed to breeding of the principle of contract law, so that it could creat a better breeding of the principles of contract law. For answering the problems, the writer used qualitative methode tradition, constructive paradigm, it used the triangular concept of legal pluralism approaching, the documentary and field researching. Lessor and lessee are key informan. Legal relationships that are not balanced, deviations of the contract law principles and the principles of an leasing agreement as a result of the conflict of interest, legal cultural differences be explained by the theories of the agreement momentum, the bonding agreement, the principles of contract law, the principles of economical law, Sibernetica, Conflict, the symbolic interaction, the law implementation in society, Complexities, Legal Pluralism, Progressive Law, Responsive Law and Prismatik Society. From the research, it can be concluded that in the leasing agreement practice, there are some deviations from the principles of contract law and the leasing principles, so that they create inbalancing in the legal relations; the breeding of contract law principles becomes an important thing which must be done immediatly in order to have a fair and balancing legal relations; the principle of contract law as the result of breeding is the harmony principle as prismatic principles of contract. The harmony principles that integrated of the principle of the reasonableness/equity, laras, rukun, the balancing and the proportionality. Key Word: breeding, the principle of contract law, financial, leasing, capital goods