Astuti, Nurfitri (2013) Potensi Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) Rawapening untuk Biogas dengan Variasi Campuran Kotoran Sapi. Masters thesis, Program Magister Ilmu Lingkungan.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Eceng gondok merupakan gulma perairan yang pertumbuhannya sangat cepat di Rawapening sehingga menimbulkan berbagai masalah salah satunya adalah pendangkalan danau. Eceng gondok adalah bahan organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan biogas sebagai salah satu energi terbarukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu 1. Mengkaji potensi eceng gondok untuk pembuatan biogas guna menanggulangi blooming eceng gondok di Rawapening dan sebagai pengganti minyak tanah untuk keperluan masak dan penerangan; 2. Menentukan perbandingan eceng gondok dan limbah kotoran sapi yang tepat dalam menghasilkan biogas yang optimal. Variabel terikat yang diamati yaitu jumlah biogas yang dihasilkan. Variabel bebas antara lain kadar C, Kadar N, dan nutrisi yang terkandung dalam eceng gondok. Proses pembuatan biogas dimulai dengan mencacah daun dan batangnya eceng gondok, kemudian dicampur dengan limbah kotoran sapi dan air. Variasi yang diberikan dengan perbandingan eceng gondok : kotoran sapi : air antara lain 40:60:500, 30:60:510, 20:60:520, 10:60:530, 0:60:540, 40:0:560, 40:20:540, 40:40:520, 40:60:500, 40:80:480, 0:80:520, 10:60:530, 20:40:540, 30:20:550, 40:0:560. Berdasarkan kandungan selulosa (95%), hasil analisis proksimat yaitu kadar abu (14,47%), kadar lemak kasar (3,03 %), kadar serat kasar (29,13%), kadar protein kasar (12,54%), hasil analisis van soest yaitu NDF (54,54%), ADF (24,46%), lignin (9,33%) dan rasio C/N eceng gondok 10,8 eceng gondok berpotensi sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biogas. Produksi tertinggi 47,42 ml per 600 ml bahan dasar atau 7,9% dihasilkan dari perbandingan 1 : 2 : 14 eceng gondok : kotoran sapi : air dengan bahan kering 28,8 gr. Eceng gondok Rawapening dapat menghasilkan biogas 2.119,61 ml per 1 kg berat kering eceng gondok. Kata kunci: Eceng gondok, biogas, Rawapening. ABSTRACT Water hyacinth is a water weeds which is rapidly grow in Rawapening in such way that causing several problems, one other things is lake shallowness. Water hyacinth is an organic matter that can be utilized for the biogas production for a renewable energy alternative. The purpose of this study are 1. To assessthe potential of water hyacinth for biogas production to counter the Rawapening water hyacinth blooming and to be as a kerosene subtitute for cooking and lighting purposes; 2. To determine the appropriate of water hyacinth and cow manure within the optimum biogas production. Observed dependent variable is the amount of biogas produced whereas independent ones are content of C, N and nutrient which consist in water hyacinth. Production process begins with chopping the leaves and stems of water hyacinth then mix with the cow manure and water. With the composition of water hyacinth : cow manure : water were variations provided include 40:60:500, 30:60:510, 20:60:520, 10:60:530, 0:60:540, 40:0:560, 40:20:540, 40:40:520, 40:60:500, 40:80:480, 0:80:520, 10:60:530, 20:40:540, 30:20:550, 40:0:560. According to the 95% cellulose content, proximate analysis result of 14,47%ash content, 3,03% of crude fat content, 29,13% of crude fiber content, 12,54% of crude protein content, van soest analysis resultas 54,54% of NDF, 24,46% of ADF, 9,33% of lignin and C/N ratio of water hyacinth and cow manure, 10,8 and 22,97 respectively. Water hyacinth has potential as a basis material of biogas production. The highest production of biogas amounted as 47,42 ml per 600 ml basis material atau 7,9% which yielded from variation of water hyacinth : cow manure : water (1 : 2 : 14) respectively of 28,8 gr dry metter. Water hyacinth from Rawapening potentially produce biogas 2119,61 ml per kg of dry weight water hyacinth. Keywords: water hyacinth, biogas, Rawapening.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 40483 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 21 Nov 2013 13:01 |
Last Modified: | 21 Nov 2013 13:01 |
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