PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI KAPOK DENGAN PROSES ESTERIFIKASI TRANSESTERIFIKASI

Abstract

The application of kapok seed oil, directly for diesel fuel is still facing a problem. The problem is mainly due to the kapok seed oil has very high viscosity compared with petroleum diesel. To solve that problem we need to convert the kapok seed oil into methyl ester by esterification transesterification reaction with catalyst. Steps being taken to obtain the methyl esters by reaction of kapok seed oil and methanol catalyzed by KOH with the addition of methanol variation of 70 ml, 80 ml, 90 ml, 100 ml, 110 ml in the first reaction (esterification) and the second reaction (transesterification) of 50 ml, 40 ml, 30 ml, 20 ml, 10 ml. Then its variable temperature of 40 0C, 50 0C, 50 0C, 60 0C, 70 0C, 80 0C in the first reaction (esterification), and the temperature of the room on the second reaction (transesterification). And in its time variable 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes, 90 minutes in the second reaction. From the results of our calculations, the highest biodiesel conversion in the esterification reaction (Trans I) reached 93.95% at a reaction time of 90 minutes, the amount of 110ml methanol and the reaction temperature of 80 0C. Then proceed with the process of transesterification (Trans II) at a temperature of 30 0C, obtained the highest conversion of 97.22%, the reaction time of 90 minutes and the amount of 50ml methanol. And already meets the biodiesel specification according to ISO-04-7182-2006 conversion of the resulting biodiesel is a minimum of 96.5%. From this study it can be concluded, esterification process kapok kapok seed oil transesterification able to produce biodiesel, the greater the reaction temperature the conversion of the resulting ester is greater.