Utilization Potency of Extracellular Polymeric Substance as Industrials Biosorbent And Ion Exchange Resin

Abstract

Industrial contaminant cations and anions can be removed from water and or waste water by using ion exchange resin. Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) resulting from bacteria can accumulate the elements ions from its external environment by biosorption accumulation mechanisms of adsorption, ion exchange, complex formation, and hydrogen bound. The ions exchange can accurs by supporting of negatively and positively functional groups in EPS. The EPS can be utilized as biosorbent and ion exchange resin for replacing the commercial organic ion exchange resin. The EPS is composed of polysaccharides (40-95%), protein (1-60%), nucleic acid (1-10%), lipids (1-10%), and polymers of amino acids and other compounds of microbial origin. The study of EPS utilization as biosorbent and ion exchange resin has been performed. The EPS was extracted from industrial activated sludge by 6,000 rpm centrifugation at 4oC. From its analysis, the resulted EPS contains polysaccharides 60 %, protein 8 %, and lipids 16 %. The tests of resulted EPS biosorption capabilities have been done by dispersed EPS operation on the simulation radioactive liquid waste containing lead 4 x 104 Bq/l, uranium 4 x 104 Bq/l and thorium 4 x 104 Bq/l. The EPS performs normally the biosorption of contaminants by sequence of its selectivity i.e. Pb+2 > Th+4 > UO2+2. On the facts of operation result indicates that there are performance unification between the roles of selectivity and atom weight (aw) for flocculation and precipitation of contaminants in which the sedimentation sequences are Pb+2 (a.w 207), UO2+2(a.w 270) and Th+2(a.w 232). The biosorption by dispersed EPS operation gives the supernantant water quality conforming the standards quality according to Decree of Chairman of National Nuclear Energy Agency No.02/Ka. Bapeten/V-99 (10,000 Bq/l for Pb, 1,000 Bq/l for U, and 7,000 Bq/l for Th) . On its utilization by the operation of immobilized EPS on calcium alginate (biosorbent of EPS-Ca aliginate) for removing of uranium (U) gives the sorption capacity of 881,84 mg U/g biosorbent.