Pengaruh Hidrolisa Asam pada Proses Pembuatan Bioetanol dari Pati Ganyong (Canna edulis Ker.) dengan Proses Fermentasi Anaerob

Abstract

Ganyong, is commonly grown crops in almost all the people of Indonesia,so this type of plant is a plant with the potential to be considered as a source of raw material for bioetha-nol or gasohol. The process of making bioethanol from starch hydrolysis process ganyong this through first before using H2SO4 fermented, starch hydrolysis ganyong aims to convert starch into simpler components. Acid will break down the starch molecules randomly and sugar which is derived mostly reducing sugar. Starches that have undergone acid hydrolysis treatment will be easier in the fermentation to ethanol. Furthermore, the sugar will be reformed into ethanol with the help of Saccharomyces cereviciae.. Then do the distillation reflux with equipment that has been modified to obtain a higher ethanol content by distillation temperature approximately 80°C. Variable addition H2SO4 aims to determine the effect H2SO4 on levels of ethanol obtained after fermentation. The more H2SO4 is added, the more sugar that will be reformed into ethanol. In this experiment performed with the addition of H2SO4 as much as 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% before the fermentation process, from experiments with the addition of 7% H2SO4 produces the most ethanol content of 21%, then do distillation to obtain levels of 41 % and subsequently dehydrated using calcium oxide content of 48% to be obtained. The amount of ethanol produced is influenced by the amount of sugar hydrolysis results which subsequently is converted into ethanol by yeast rocks. Factors affecting the levels of ethanol produced is the addition of H2SO4 length of time of fermentation, the available nutrients, pH, and substrate used. Keywords : Ganyong, bioethanol, Sacharomyces cereviceae, H2SO4