PEMBUATAN BIO-OIL DENGAN BAHAN BAKU CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT MELALUI PIROLISASI (Making Bio-oil Using Shell Palm Oil Through Pyrolysis Process)

Abstract

Pirolisasi is a process of chemical decomposition of organic material through a heating process with little or no oxygen or other reagents, where the raw material will experience a chemical solution into the gas phase structures. Pyrolysis produces carbon charcoal, oil and gas can be burned. The material used is biomass (organic material) which is the production of living beings. In this lab, conducted an experiment to produce liquid smoke from oil palm shells using a pyrolysis. The tool is equipped with a pyrolysis furnace albakos, reservoir tar, condensers, vacuum pumps, and gas stoves. The variables used there are two variables which is fixed and independent variables. Fixed variable used is the time and volume of materials used, while the independent variables are the type of materials used in each experiment. The results of experiments and calculations, the trial pirolisa from oil palm shells with sampling every hour for 3 samples. The results of experiments minutes to 60, 120, 180 obtained by gravity 0.9432; 0.9336; 0.834 g / ml for its viscosity, respectively, 1.017; 1.005; 0.857 cp. The resulting volume is 137.8: 26.7: 12.4 ml. Ph 5, 4, 4. Can be concluded that the longer burning time palm shells, the less liquid smoke is produced. So that its density will decrease and the lower viscosity value. Likewise yieldnya diminishing levels. This is because over time the combustion achieve supersaturated conditions, also decreased the volume of liquid smoke. Likewise yieldnya levels are also declining.