PENGARUH INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA WANITA SAAT PERSALINAN TERHADAP KELUARAN MATERNAL DAN PERINATAL DI RSUP DR. KARIADI PERIODE TAHUN 2010

Abstract

Background : Maternal nutritional status plays crucial role to ensure maternal and fetal well-being. The method that often used to determine someone’s nutritional status is by calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI). The differences of maternal anthropometry in each population lead to epidemical lack of nutrition or excessive nutrition problems which affect maternal and perinatal outcomes. In developing countries, researches on the effects of body mass index on maternal and perinatal outcomes are still rare to find, especially those using Body Mass Index during delivery. This study aims to determine the effect of maternal body mass index during delivery on maternal and perinatal outcomes at RSUP Dr. Kariadi in 2010. Methods : This cross sectional study used secondary data taken from patient’s delivery medical records in RSUP dr.Kariadi during 2010 which fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The data were described in the form of frequency tables and tested using a comparative test of Chi square. Result : From total 1973 deliveries, 384 samples which fulfilled the criterias were collected. Of the 384 samples, 122 samples (31.8%) classified as obese BMI, 74 samples (19.3%) as overweight BMI, 179 samples (46.6%) as normal BMI and 9 samples (2.3%) classified as underweight BMI. Complications of pregnancy cases consisted of 128 cases (33.3%) of anemia and 112 cases (29.2%) of preeclampsia. No cases of DMG were found. A total of 165 (43%) cases needed assisted deliveries, which consisted of 110 cases (28.6%) of sectio caesaria and 54 cases (14.1%) of assisted vaginal delivery, 1 case (0.3%) of post partum haemorrhage. No incidence of maternal death were found. Perinatal outomes cases consisted of 64 cases (16.8%) of low birth weight (LBW), 13 cases (3.4%) of macrosomia, 50 cases (13.1%) of asphyxia neonatorum, 19 cases (5%) of perinatal deaths. By using Chi-Square test, variables that the value of probability is lower than 0.05 are preeclamsia, , assisted delivery, low birthweight and macrosomia. Conclusion: Body mass index of mother during delivery affects the incidence of preeclampsia, assisted delivery, low birth weight and macrosomia.