Analisis Formulasi dan Implementasi Kebijakan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dan ASI Eksklusif Kabupaten Klaten

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Program Pascasarjana Program Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan Minat Manajemen Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2011 ABSTRAK Rini Pratiwi Analisis Formulasi dan Implementasi Kebijakan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dan ASI Eksklusif Kabupaten Klaten xiv + 149 halaman + 9 tabel + 7 gambar + 5 lampiran Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dan ASI Eksklusif merupakan upaya terobosan dalam penurunan Angka Kematian Bayi baru lahir dan membentuk generasi yang lebih berkualitas. Kabupaten Klaten merupakan Kabupaten pertama di Indonesia yang berhasil meluncurkan Perda IMD dan ASI Eksklusif. Kenyataan yang ada Perda Nomor 7 tahun 2008 belum didukung oleh Peraturan Bupati untuk mendukung pelaksanaan Perda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis formulasi dan implementasi kebijakan Perda Nomor 7 tahun 2008 tentang IMD dan ASI Eksklusif Kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei - Juli 2011. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara mendalam . Subyek penelitian adalah sebanyak 9 orang pemangku kepentingan yang diambil secara purposive. Data diolah dengan content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses formulasi kebijakan diawali dengan membuat masalah publik menjadi issue dengan sosialisasi kepada tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat serta melakukan promosi ke sejumlah media massa. Mobilisasi dukungan serta adanya advokasi dan koalisi dilakukan untuk memantapkan langkah berikutnya yaitu melanjutkan ke Bagian Hukum DPRD Klaten. Setelah berproses di Bagian Eksekutif kemudian Raperda diajukan kepada DPRD Kabupaten Klaten untuk dibahas dan diputuskan menjadi Perda. Implementasi Perda IMD dan ASI eksklusif telah berjalan dengan adanya Kelompok pendukung ASI, dicanangkannya 4 Kecamatan Sayang Bayi, tidak ada sponsor susu formula dalam kegiatan kesehatan, bendera hitam di depan BPS yang tidak mematuhi Perda dan adanya dukungan RS menjadi pusat rujukan laktasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah formulasi Perda telah berjalan sesuai dengan tata hukum pemerintahan. Walaupun belum ada Perbup, implementasi telah berjalan di internal Dinas Kesehatan. Implementasi Perda masih belum optimal dengan belum disahkannya Perbup. Saran untuk Dinas Kesehatan Klaten perlu segera dibuat perbup dan bekerjasama dengan sektor lain sehingga implementasi Perda lebih luas dan menyeluruh. Kata Kunci : Formulasi Kebijakan, Implementasi Kebijakan, Peraturan Daerah, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, ASI eksklusif. Kepustakaan : 54 ( 2000 – 2009 ) Diponegoro University Postgraduate Program Master’s Program in Public Health Majoring in Health Policy Administration Sub Majoring in Maternal and Child Health Management 2011 ABSTRACT Rini Pratiwi Analysis on Formulation and Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 7 Year 2008 Regarding Early Breastfeeding Initation and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Klaten District xiv + 149 pages + 9 tables + 7 features + 5 enclosures Early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding were the breakthrough in decreasing infant mortality rate and in buiding more qualified generation. Klaten district was the first district in Indonesia that succeeded in launching regional regulation on the early breastfeeding initiation (IMD) and exclusive breastfeeding. In reality, to implement this regional regulation no. 7, 2008 had not been supported by the head of the district regulation. The objective of this study was to analyze the policy formulation and implementation of the regional regulation no.7, 2008 on IMD and exclusive breastfeeding in the district of Klaten. This study was conducted in May – July 2011. This was a qualitative study. Data was collected using in-depth interview method. The study subjects were 9 government officials who were selected purposively. Content analysis was applied for data analysis. Results of this study showed that the policy formulation process was initiated by transforming public problems to be issues. It was done by conducting socialization to health workers and communities and also by doing promotion to the mass media. Support mobilization, advocacy and coalition were done to establish the next step, to continue to the Law division of Klaten DPRD. After processing in the executive division then Raperda was submitted to DPRD of Klaten district to be discussed and decided to be a regional regulation. The regional regulation on IMD and exclusive breastfeeding was implemented by setting up supporting group for breastfeeding, establishing 4 sub districts ‘Sayang bayi’, deciding not to include sponsor from formula milk industry in the health activities, putting black flag in front of BPS that did not obey the regional regulation, receiving support from hospitals that were willing to be lactation referral hospitals. In conclusion, formulation of the regional regulation had been done according to the government’s law. Although there was no regulation from the head of the district, the regional regulation had been implemented internally in the district health office. Implementation of the regional regulation was still not optimum because the head of district regulation had not been legalized. It was suggested to the Klaten district health office to obtain the head of district regulation immediately, to build collaboration with other sectors in order to make the regional regulation implementation wider and more comprehensive. Key words : policy formulation, policy implementation, regional regulation, early breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding Bibliography : 54 (2000 – 2009)