FREKUENSI PERNAFASAN SEBAGAI INDIKATOR ADANYA EFUSI PLEURA PADA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE ANAK DI RSUP Dr. KARIADI SEMARANG

Abstract

Background: Pleural effusion is one of plasma leakage sign in dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients. Plasma leakage in the form of pleural effusion more than 6% has been reported can increase the possibilities of shock in patients that can cause mortality, so it is needed a way of diagnosis that is relatively easy and quick to diagnose plasma leakage. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the respiratory rate can be used as indicator of pleural effusion more than 6% in children with DHF. Methods: The research design was observational analytic, diagnostic test with cross-sectional design. The data was secondary data from patient medical records. The sample were 41 pediatric patients with DHF in RSUP Dr. Kariadi which had inclusion criteria, during June 2008 until April 2011. The data that retrieved were age, gender, degrees of DHF, respiratory rate and Pleural Effusion Index (PEI) of patients. The data was described in table form and analyzed with diagnostic test by computer program. Results: Cut off point of respiratory rate as indicator of pleural effusion more than 6% was 24 times/minute. Respiratory rate as indicator of pleural effusion in children with DHF had 65.52% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, 82.61% positive expected value, 44.44% negative expected value and 65.85% accuracy. Conclusion: Respiratory rate can be used to estimate diagnosis of pleural effusion more than 6% but can not be used as a sole diagnostic tool for diagnosis of pleural effusion more than 6%, so it is required another diagnostic tools that is more sensitive and specific to establish a definite diagnosis of pleural effusion more than 6% in children with DHF.