Analisis Perbedaan Pelaksanaan Program Stimulasi Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Balita dan Anak Prasekolah oleh Pengelola Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Program Pascasarjana Program Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan Minat Manajemen Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2011 ABSTRAK Meitri Eka Susanti Analisis Perbedaan Pelaksanaan Program Stimulasi Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Balita dan Anak Prasekolah oleh Pengelola Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan xv + 139 halaman + 18 tabel + 3 gambar + 12 lampiran Cakupan SDIDTK balita dan anak prasekolah mengalami penurunan dalam 3 tahun terakhir. Balita dan anak prasekolah di PAUD lebih rendah dilakukan SDIDTK dibanding puskesmas dan posyandu. Dari 168 PAUD 135 termasuk PAUD yang baik dan 33 PAUD yang kurang baik. Hal tersebut menunjukkan tidak optimalnya pelaksanaan SDIDTK di PAUD dimana pengelola memiliki fungsi pelaksana/penggerak dalam pelaksanaan SDIDTK di PAUD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan pelaksanaan program SDIDTK pada balita dan anak prasekolah oleh pengelola PAUD yang baik dan kurang baik di Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam, FGD, obervasi dan telaah dokumen. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 PAUD, wawancara mendalam kepada 4 Informan utama pengelola PAUD, informan triangulasi 4 tenaga pendidik dan 3 bidan penanggung jawab program SDIDTK. FGD dilakukan pada orang tua siswa setiap PAUD yang terdiri dari 4 kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 8 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada PAUD yang baik memiliki tenaga terlatih, sarana yang lengkap, dana yang cukup, menggunakan buku pedoman pelaksanaan SDIDTK dari Dinas Kesehatan, pengelola menjalankan fungsi kepemimpinan, memiliki sifat kempemimpinan, memberikan motivasi, melakukan komunikasi internal dan eksternal, dan melakukan supervisi dalam pelaksanaan SDIDTK, dan semua siswanya tumbuh kembang sesuai usia. Sedangkan PAUD yang kurang baik ada yang memiliki tenaga terlatih ada yang tidak, sarana kurang lengkap, dana tidak cukup, tidak ada petunjuk teknis untuk menilai tumbuh kembang anak, pengelola tidak berperan dalam pelaksanaan SDIDTK, tidak memberikan motivasi, tidak melakukan komunikasi eksternal, tidak melakukan supervisi, tidak diketahui secara pasti tumbuh kembang anak sesuai usia atau tidak. Dalam penelitian ini disarankan kepada Dinkes melakukan kerja sama tertulis dengan Diknas untuk melakukan pelatihan SDIDTK dan monitoring evaluasi. Saran untuk Puskesmas melakukan pemantauan dan bimbingan teknis. Bagi Diknas alokasi dana APBD untuk PAUD pribadi, dan PAUD sendiri perlu memanfaatkan posyandu, menyediakan dana secara mandiri. Kata Kunci : Pelaksanaan Program SDIDTK, Pengelola PAUD Kepustakaan : 26, 1997 – 2010 Diponegoro University Postgraduate Program Master’s Program in Public Health Majoring in Health Policy Administration Sub Majoring in Maternal and Child Health Management 2011 ABSTRACT Meitri Eka Susanti Analysis on the Difference of Stimulation Program Implementation on Growth Development Detection and Early Intervention of Under-five and Pre School Children by Early Learning Education Managers in South Bengkulu District xv + 139 pages + 18 tables + 3 figures + 12 enclosures Coverage of stimulation program on growth development detection and early intervention (SDIDTK) of under-five and preschool children decreased in the last 3 years. Proportion of under-five and preschool children in early learning education (PAUD) was lower in receiving SDIDTK compared to that of in puskesmas and posyandu. Among 168 PAUD, 135 PAUD were considered good and 33 PAUD were considered poor. It indicated that SDIDTK program implementation was not optimal at PAUD. The objective of this study was to analyze the difference of stimulation program implementation on growth development detection and early intervention of under-five and preschool children by good and not good early learning education managers in South Bengkulu District. This was a qualitative study with cross sectional approach. Data was collected by in-depth interview, FGD, observation and document reviews. This study was conducted at 4 PAUD. In-depth interview was done to 4 main informants, the managers of PAUD. Triangulation informants were 4 educators and 3 midwives who were responsible for SDIDTK program. FGD was done to parents of students for each PAUD. There were 4 FGD group and each group consisted of 8 people. Results of the study showed that for good PAUD had skilful staff, complete facilities and sufficient funding. Additionally, the good PAUD used SDIDTK implementation program guideline book from district health office, managers performed leadership function, had leadership character, gave motivation, conducted internal and external communication and performed supervision on the implementation of SDIDTK program. All students in the good PAUD had growth-development status in line with their age. On the other hand some of the less quality PAUD had skilful staff, some did not have skilful staffs, facilities were not complete, funding was not sufficient and technical guideline for assessing growth-development was not available. Managers were not involved in SDIDTK program implementation, did not give motivation, did not do external communication and did not do supervision. Growth development status of children was not known for certain whether or not it was in line with age. It was suggested for district health office to make collaboration with district national education office to do SDIDTK program training and monitoring evaluation. Puskesmas was suggested to do monitoring and technical assistance. District national office was suggested to allocate district budget for PAUD and PAUD needed to collaborate with posyandu and provide independent funding. Key words : SDIDTK program implementation, PAUD managers Bibliography : 26, 1997 – 2010