Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh dengan Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat oleh Bidan di Desa Terkait dengan Program Perencanaan Persalinan dan Pencegahan Komplikasi (P4K) di Kabupaten Pasuruan Tahun 2011

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Program Pascasarjana Program Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan Minat Manajemen Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2011 ABSTRAK Suprapti Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh dengan Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat oleh Bidan di Desa Terkait dengan Program Perencanaan Persalinan dan Pencegahan Komplikasi (P4K) di Kabupaten Pasuruan Tahun 2011 111 halaman + 27 tabel + 3 gambar + 7 lampiran AKI merupakan parameter pembangunan kesehatan yang masih sulit dicapai . Di Kab. Pasuruan th 2009 dari 23.593 KH, AKI sebanyak 21 ibu dan th 2010 dari 22.178 KH sebanyak 20 ibu . Dari permasalahan ini dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dengan upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat oleh bidan di desa yang terkait dengan program perencanaan persalinan dan pencegahan komplikasi (P4K) di Kabupaten Pasuruan. Jenis penelitian kwantitatif , pendekatan cross seksional dengan populasi semua bidan di desa sebesar 271 orang dan sampel 72 orang yang memenuhi syarat inklusi dan diambil secara proposional. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan selanjutnya diolah dengan teknik kwantitatif. Hasil penelitian secara univariat : upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam P4K baik (56,9%), pengetahuan baik (68,1%), sikap baik (54,2%), motivasi baik (52,8%), persepsi terhadap partisipasi masyarak baik (54,2%), persepsi berkaitan dengan dukungan sumber daya baik (54,2%) dan persepsi dukungan pemerintah baik (52,8%) . Dari bivariat, variabel yang masuk pemodelan multiple logistik regresion nilai p < 0,25. adalah motivasi ( p-value 0,005) dan persepsi bidan tentang partisipasi masyarakat (p-value 0,020). Setelah dilakukan uji bersama diperoleh hasil motivasi (p-value 0,010) berhubungan dengan upaya pemberdayaan dan nilai Exp B 3,914 , sedang variabel persepsi bidan tentang partisipasi masyarakat (p-value 0,020) berhubungan dengan upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat dan nilai Exp B 2,925. Dari variabel motivasi dan persepsi tentang partisipasi masyarakat diperoleh koefisien determinasi Nagelharg R.Square sebesar 0,231 Dari hasil penelitian, diberikan saran kepada : Kepala Din.Kes / Puskesmas Kab. Pasuruan untuk pertimbangan insentif/reward dengan aturan pencairan tepat waktu, memberikan motivasi sesuai karakter bawahannya dan monitoring terhadap permasalahan di Polindes. Dengan adanya Perbub/ Perdes perlu adanya SOP. Bagi Bidan, mencarikan alternatif melalui home industry, pemasangan poster untuk informasi. Peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dengan pertemuan dibuat sistem bergilir dan audit sosial. Bagi peneliti lain dengan mengembangkan faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat Kata Kunci : Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Bidan Desa, Program Perencanaan Persalinan dan Pencegahan Komplikasi (P4K) Jumlah Pustaka : 35 ( 1993 – 2010 ) Diponegoro University Postgraduate Program Master’s Program in Public Health Majoring in Health Policy Administration Sub Majoring in Maternal and Child Health Management 2011 ABSTRACT Suprapti Analysis on Factors Affecting Community Empowerment by Village Midwives in Delivery Planning and Complication Prevention Program (P4K) in Pasuruan District, 2011 111 pages + 27 tables + 3 figures + 7 enclosures Maternal mortality rate (AKI) was a health development parameter that was still difficult to attain. In Pasuruan district in 2009, among 23.593 live births, the number of maternal death was 21 mothers. In 2010 among 22.178 live births the number of maternal death was 20 mothers. Based on this problem this study was implemented with the objective to analyze factors affecting community empowerment by village midwives concerning to delivery planning and complication prevention program (P4K) in Pasuruan district. This was a quantitative study using cross sectional approach. Study population was all 271 village midwives and samples were 72 midwives who fulfill inclusion and exclusion criteria and selected proportionally. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed by quantitative technique. Results of univariate analysis: community empowerment effort in P4K was good (56.95), knowledge was good (68.1%), attitude was good (54.2%), motivation was good (52.8%), perception on community participation was good (54.2%), perception related to resources support was good (54.2%) and perception on government support was good (52.8%). Based on the results of bivariate analysis, variables included in the multiple logistic regression models were those with p value < 0.25. Those variables were motivation (p= 0.0005) and midwives perception on community participation (p= 0.020). After those variables were tested jointly, the results showed that motivation (p= 0.010) was related to empowerment effort with the value of Exp (B) = 3.914. Midwives perception on community participation (p= 0.020) was associated with community empowerment effort with the value of Exp (B) = 2.925. By including motivation and perception of community participation variables, the value of R-square Nagelharg determination coefficient was 0.231. Based on the study results, it was suggested to the head of district health office and to the head of puskesmas in Pasuruan district to consider giving incentive/rewards and to release it on time, to give motivation according to the subordinate characters and to monitor problems in polindes (village polyclinic). Due to the enactment of Perbub/Perdes, SOP needed to be formulated. Midwives were suggested to find alternative way to solve the problems such as via home industry and placing posters for distributing information. Community participation was enhanced by making alternate system for community meeting and social audit. Other researchers were suggested to study other factors affecting community empowerment effort. Key words : Community empowerment effort, village midwives, delivery planning and complication prevention program (P4K) Bibliography : 35 (1993 – 2010)