Utilitation of Corn Cobs as Bioethanol Material with H2SO4Hydrolysis Process and Saccharomyces Cereviceae Fermentation

Abstract

Bioethanol is ethanol made from biomass containing sugar components, starch, or cellulose. Bioethanol is usually used as an ingredient for making liquor, for medical purposes, as a solvent, and that are popular today is the use of bioethanol as an alternative fuel. The use of bioethanol as a fuel mixed with gasoline is called gasohol. Biomass corn cob is a waste that so far still has not been widely utilized as a product that has added value (added value). Cobs of corn, including lignocellulosic biomass contains very possible to be used to bioethanol since it has a lot of cellulose content. This study aims to utilize corn cob biomass into bioethanol. Making bioethanol with the basic ingredients of this corn cob through a three stage process ie the process of hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation. The process of hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose change, the process of fermentation convert glucose into ethanol with the aid of bacteria contained in cereviceae Saccharomyces yeast bread. The process of distillation is a purification process to increase the levels of ethanol produced in fermentation processes. The reactor consists of a series of bioethanol fermentation tanks and distillation equipment that includes a series of tanks or tank distilator heating and condenser. For bioethanol the experiment results, it can be concluded that the more the amount of yeast used, the higher levels of alcohol obtained. From the result of experiments on the manufacture of bioethanol from corn cobs with variable addition of yeast 0.5 %, 0.6 % and 0.7 % obtained the highest alcohol content of bioethanol with 43 % of the third variable with the addition of yeast 0.7 %. Keywords : Biomassa, corn cobs, fermentation, bioethanol