Utilization of Taro (Calocasia esculenta L. Schott) as a Raw Material For The Manufactured of Bioethanol

Abstract

Bioethanol is ethanol made from biomass containing sugar components, starch, or cellulose. Bioethanol is usually used as an ingredient for making liquor, for medical purposes, as a solvent, and that are popular today is the use of bioethanol as an alternative fuel. The use of bioethanol as a fuel mixed with gasoline is called gasohol. Taro (Calocasia esculenta L. Schott), a tuber crop that is one of non-rice food which is high enough nutritious, especially carbohydrates that can be used as an alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. Making bioethanol with the basic ingredients of this taro through three stages of the process ie the process of hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation. Hydrolysis process carried out to decompose starch into reducing sugars to be fermented into bioethanol.The process of fermentation convert glucose into ethanol with the aid of bacteria contained in cereviceae Saccharomyces yeast bread. The process of distillation is a purification process to increase the levels of ethanol produced in fermentation processes. The reactor consists of a series of bioethanol fermentation tanks and distillation equipment that includes a series of tanks or tank distilator heating and condenser. For bioethanol the experiment results, it can be concluded that the more the amount of glucose produced higher levels of alcohol obtained. From the results of experiments on the manufacture of bioethanol from the taro with a variable amount of glucose content of 10%, 12%, 15%, 27% and 39% obtained the highest alcohol content of bioethanol with 53% of the fifth variable with a glucose content of 39%. Keywords : bioethanol, Sacharomyces cereviceae, taro flour