Isolasi dan identifikasi minyak atsiri purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk)

Safitri , Rahayu Mulyaning (2004) Isolasi dan identifikasi minyak atsiri purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk). Undergraduate thesis, FMIPA UNDIP.

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Abstract

Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk) merupakan tumbuhan langka yang telah dikenal masyarakat sebagai obat penggugah hasrat seksual (afrodisiak), peluruh air seni (diuretik) dan pemulih vitalitas. Tumbuhan purwoceng termasuk dalam suku umbelliferae yang dapat menghasilkan minyak atsiri dan resin. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi minyak atsiri untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang sifat fisik dan komponen kimiawi minyak atsiri. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua tahap. Tahap pertama preparasi sampel dan pemisahan minyak atsiri. Sampel berupa tumbuhan purwoceng dicuci, dikeringkan, dan dirajang. Selanjutnya dilakukan destilasi uap selama empat jam. Tahap kedua yaitu identifikasi sifat fisik dan analisa komponen kimiawi minyak atsiri. Identifikasi sifat fisik meliputi identifikasi warna, ban,. kadar dan indeks bias menggunakan refraktometer ABBE. Sedangkan analisa komponen dilakukan dengan KG-SM. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh minyak atsiri berwarna kuning, berbau menyengat yang khas dengan kadar 0,5%. Minyak atsiri mempunyai indeks bias sebesar 1,3391 pada temperatur 22 °C. Analisa komponen kimiawi dengan KG¬SM diperoleh 16 puncak, namun dipi1ih tujuh puncak dengan intensitas tertinggi. Berdasarkan analisa spektra KG-SM senyawanya yaitu timil metil eter, isobornil asetat, 1,4-dimetoksitetrametilbenzena, y-kadinen, a-heksil sinamaldehid, asam heksadekanoat dan n-dibutil ester ptalat. Dan ketujuh senyawa tersebut n-dibutil ester ptalat bukan termasuk komponen kimiawi minyak atsiri melainkan pengotor yang berasal dari that MS. Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina, Molk) is scarce plant which has been used as aphrodisiacs, diuretics and vitality promotor. Purwoceng is classified into umbelliferae family and it can produce essential oil and resin. Isolation of essential oil has been carried out in this research to gain into information about the physical and chemical properties of its compound. This research was divided into two phase. First, sample preparation and essential oil separation. In this phase, the sample was cleaned, dried and cut into little pieces. Steam distillation then conducted on the sample for 4 hour. The second phase consisted of identification of physical and chemical properties of the essential oil compound. Physical properties include colour, smell, quality and refractive index used ABBE refractometre. The chemical properties was analized by GC-MS. The result showed that the essential oil from purwoceng has yellow colour and tipically smell with 0.5 % quality and refractive index 1.3391 at 22 °C. Compounds identification using GC-MS showed 16 peaks, from which 7 peaks with highest intensity were selected. Based on GC-MS analysis essential oil contained thymyll methyl ether, isobornyl acetate, 1,4-dirnethoxy tetramethyl benzene, y-cadinene, a-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, hexadecanoid acid, and n-dibuthyl estherptalat. From those seventh compounds, n-dibuthylestherptalat is not classified as essential oil compound, but is pollutant from appliance of MS.

Item Type:Thesis (Undergraduate)
Subjects:Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:Faculty of Science and Mathematics > Department of Chemistry
ID Code:31020
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 1
Deposited On:11 Nov 2011 13:16
Last Modified:11 Nov 2011 13:16

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