Isolasi senyawa triterpenoid dari tumbuhan avicennia marima varietas intermedia

Abstract

Telah diperiksa kandungan kimia terhadap tumbuhan yang terdapat di kawasan hutan Mangrove di pantai Morodemak, Kecamatan Bonang, Kabupaten Demak. Dari hasil survei diperoleh tiger species tumbuhan dan dilakukan pengujian terhadap adanya kandungan golongan senyawa alkaloid, steroid, triterpenoid, senyawa fenol dan saponin. Terhadap tumbuhan yang mempunyai kadar triterpenoid tertinggi yaitu Avicennia marina var. intermedia, dilakukan isolasi senyawa triterpenoid. Isolasi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut eter. Pemu'rnian selanjutnya dilakukan dengan kroma tografi kolom, sebagai eluent dipakai kloroform dan adsor ben dipakai silika gel G. 60 dan dilanjutkan dengan rekris talisasi menggunakan etanol, diperoleh kristal jarum yang berwarna putih dengan titik leleh 288 - 289°C. Pengujian gugus fungsi dengan spektrofotometer infra merah, memberikan puncak-puncak yang khas untuk gugus hidroksil dan ikatan rangkap dua. Sedangkan spektrum ultra violet tidak memberikan puncak serapan. Dari data-data tersebut dan setelah dibandingkan dengan data literatur maka dapat disarankan bahwa senyawa hasil isolasi ad.alah taraxerol. It has been examined about the chemical compounds of the plants which were at Mangrove forest area in Morodemak¬shore, Kecamatan Bonang, Kabupaten Demak. As the result of this survey, it was found three kind species of the plants and they were examined about the contain of alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds and saponins. The plant which has the highest value of triterpenoids compound, Avicennia marina var. intermedia, was isolated its triterpenoid compound. Isolation of triterpenoid compound was done by maseration method with ether as a solvent. The next purification was by coloumn chromatography with chloroform as an eluent and silica gel G. 60 as an adsorben and followed by recrystalisation with etanol and gave needles crystals with m.p. 288 - 289°C. The examination of functional group was done by Infra Red Spectrophotometre and gave specific peaks of hydroxyl group and double bond. Whereas the ultra violet spectrum didn't give an adsorbtion peak. In comparasion with the literature data the compound as the result of the isolation, is suggested as taraxerol.