PENGARUH EKSTRAK SARANG SEMUT (Myrmecodia pendens Merr & Perry) TERHADAP AKTIFITAS PROLIFERASI SEL DAN INDEKS APOPTOSIS KANKER PAYUDARA MENCIT C3H

Abstract

Background : The treatment of breast cancer with herb medicine is now being explored. Sarang semut (myrmecodia pendens Merr & Perry) is an Indonesian indigenous plant from papua, empirically used to treat many diseases. Invitro study indicated that myrmecodia pendens could inhibit the growth of cancer in intestinal tract, cervic and lung. Objective : To investigate the effects of myrmecodia pendens given in gradual dosage on the proliferation activity and apoptotic index of the breast cancer cells Methods : Animal experiment using post test only control group design was done. Twenty-eight C3H mice were inoculated with tumour and were divided into four group : one control group and three groups were given by the extract of myrmecodia pendens in gradual dosage (4 mg/day, 8 mg/day, 16 mg/day). All of the groups were treated for three weeks. The proliferation activity of tumour was examined by counting the AgNOR deposits detected after colloidal AgNOR staining. Index apoptotic was assessed by mean of TUNEL method Results : There was significant differences on the proliferation activity (p< 0,05) between three group administered with myrmecodia pendens extract compared with control group (P1= 3,2±1,40, P2= 3,2±0,52, P3= 4,6±1,06, K= 5,8±0,51) respectively. The increasing dosage was not followed by the reduction of proliferation activities. There were significant differences of the apoptotic index (p< 0,05) 0f the three group given myrmecodia pendens extract compared with control group (P1 = 2,9±0,46, P2= 3,2±0,0,196, P3= 2,9±0,35, K= 1,6±0,55) respectively. Increasing of the dosage was not followed by increasing of the increasing apoptotic index. Conclusion : Myrmecodia pendens extract can induce apoptotic index and reduce proliferation activities of cancer cell. Key words : Myrmecodia pendens, proliferation activity, apoptotic index, adenocarsinoma of the breast