OPTIMASI SUDU TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORIZONTAL DENGAN BATASAN FREKUENSI NATURAL MENGGUNAKAN BASED GRADIENT METHOD DAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA

Abstract

Electricity has become the unseparated part in human’s life, at the other hand fossil energy sources that are commonly used at present give a negative influence on environment. Therefore, the use of environmentally friendly energy sources and renewable must be started now. Renewable energy sources are unlimited energy sources, one of these is wind energy. In order to realize the wind energy, it need wind turbine which one of its main component is the blade. In its operating turbine blade will rotate due to the wind flow with a certain speed. Rotation axis is then transmitted via a specific mechanism to rotate a generator to produce electricity. Because the wind turbine blade operate in dynamic nature, the aspects of rotation to be a major consideration. In this final project simulation and optimization of horizontal axis wind turbine blades will be conducted. Simulation is accomplished using the Precomp and Bmodes that serves to get the turbine blade structural properties and natural frequencies. both are created by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Optimization is conducted using the optimization toolbox of MATLAB R2008b with two methods, there are based-gradient method and genetic algorithm. with design variables are thickness of skin layer on the surface and spars of wind turbine blades, with variation of rotor speed 10 rpm, 50 rpm and 70 rpm. Optimization is intended to obtain a minimum mass of blade without changing the dynamic characteristics. The simulation results have a total mass value of the turbine blade of 1998 Kg with a natural frequency 1.8737 Hz at 10 rpm rotor speed, 2.1375 Hz at a speed of 50 rpm and 2.3649 Hz at a speed of 70 rpm. After process optimization using MATLAB obtained a total minimum mass of the turbine blades is 1014.821 Kg with natural frequency of 1.8821 Hz at rotor rotation speed 10 rpm, 1014,825 Kg for natural frequency 2.1383 Hz with rotation speed 50 rpm and 1014,826 Kg with a natural frequency of 2.3670 Hz on the rotor speed 70 rpm.