HUBUNGAN ANTARA KETERSEDIAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN SARANA AIR BERSIH DAN JAMBAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS MOJOSONGO KABUPATEN BOYOLALI

Abstract

Kecamatan Mojosongo Kabupaten Boyolali penyakit Diare pada balita masih menjadi masalah kesehatan. Jumlah balita yang ada diwilayah Puskesmas Mojosongo sebanyak 3.743 balita dan jumlah kasus diare pada balita tahun 2005 24.2%. Pada sisi lain cakupan air bersih di Kecamatan Mojosongo masih rendah 61.5% dan pemanfaatan sarana air bersih juga masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ketersediaan dan pemanfaatan sarana air bersih dan jamban dengan kejadian penyakit diare pada balita di Puskesmas Mojosongo Kabupaten Boyolali tahun 2006. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik menggunakan metode survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Sampel sebanyak 362 responden, lokasi penelitian ini 13 desa wilayah Kecamatan Mojosongo Kabupaten Boyolali. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat,bivariat,descriptif dan bivariat analitikchi square (alfa=0.05), signifikansi ditentukan jika nilai p-value kurang dari 0.05. Pengolahan data menggunakan komputer program SPSS 11.0 For Widows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 362 responden yang diteliti, 7.5% responden tidak mempunyai sarana air bersih dan responden yang mempunyai sarana air bersih sebanyak adalah SGL 59.9%, responden yang memanfaatkan sarana air bersih 93.6%, ketersediaan jamban yang terbanyak adalah jamban jenis jamban cemplung 56.6%, dan yang memanfaatkan jamban 56.9%. Sedangkan kejadian diare pada balita 23.8%. Dari uji hubungan menunjukkan bahwa variabel ketersediaan sarana air bersih (p value=0.003), pemanfaatan sarana air bersih (p value=0.0001), ketersediaan jamban (p value=0.024) dan pemanfaatan jamban (p value=0.019) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian diare. dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan kejadian diare di Kecamatan Mojosongo tahun 2006 tinggi (23.28%). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara ketersediaan sarana air bersih dan pemanfaatan jamban dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Saran bagi masyarakat yang sudah memiliki sarana jamban agar dipergunakan seoptimal mungkin, bagi petugas meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat pemanfaatan jamban dan menjaga kebersihan disekitar sumur gali. Bagi Pemerintah daerah meningkatkan koordinasi antar instansi terkait. Kata Kunci: diare,air bersih,jamban,balita THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE EVAILABILITY AND USE OF CLEAN WATER AND PRIVYMEANS WITH DIARRHEA OCCURENCE ON UNDER FIVE CHILDREN AT MOJOSONGO PUBLICT HEALTH CENTRE, BOYOLALI REGENCY In mojosongo Sub-District, Boyolai Regencydiarrhea occured to to under five children is still being health problem. The amount of under five children existing in the area of Mojosongo Public Health Center is as much as 3.743 children and the amount of diarrhea case in under five children in 2005 was 24,2%. In other side, clean water scope in Mojosongo Sub district was will low, namely 61.5% and the use of clean water means was also still low. The aim of the research is to find the correlation between the availability and use of clean water and privy with diarrhea occured in under five children at Mojosongo Publict Health Center, boyolali Regency in 2006. The research is a kind of descriptive analytical research using survey methode with cross sectional approach. data was taken by interview and observation. Sample was in the amount of 362 respondents, the location of the research was in 13 villages of Mojosongo Sub district, Boyolali regency. Data analysis was coducted in the way of univariat,bivariat descriptive and bivariat analytic with Chi Square test (alfa=0.05), significance was detrmined if p-value is less than 0.05. Data processing was carried out using computer with program of SPSS 11.00 for Windows. The result of the incident that from the 362 researched respondents, 7.5% respondents have no clean water means and the most respondents having clean water mean was SGL 59.9%, respondents using clean water means were 93.6%, the most privy availability was pluge privy 56.6%, and they who use it was 56.9%. Mean while diarrhea occurence in under five children was 23.8%. From the correlation result it is know that variable of clean water availability (p value=0.003). The use of clean water means (p value=0.0001), privy availability (p value=0.024), and the use of privy (p value=0.019) have a significant correlation with diarrhea occurence. From the result of the research, it can be concluded that diarrhea occurence at Mojosongo Sub district in 2006 is high (23.8%). There is significant correlation between the availability of clean water means and the use of privy with diarrhea occurence un under five children. Suggestion to society which have the privy medium to be utilized as optimal as possible, to officer, improve the knoledge of society about exploiting of privy and keep cleaning around the well. Keyword : diarrea,clean water,privy,under five children