Analisa Kekuatan dan Tegangan pada Sambungan Rel-54 Hasil Pengelasan Thermite dengan Metode Elemen Hingga

Abstract

The train is one mode of land transportation that is widely used by people of Indonesia. Safety and convenience are the factors that users wanted in transportation. The number of train accidents are often caused by conditions of the trains railway which tend to be safe. One of the causes of railway accidents is the condition of rail welded joints that have been cracked. There are several methods used rail connections, including connections with connector plates, electric arc welding joint press, and the connection using thermite welding. In writing this report the author will take the discussion of thermite welding. Thermite welding is used only in the long rails. The result of this welding can be classified of 3 (three) areas namely: base metal, weld metal and heat affecting zone. In this study, the maximum stress that works on Haz metal and weld metal due to the imposition of the wheel locomotive D 300, CC 202 and CC 203 will be calculated by computational. Some parameters used in the simulation of static loading rail-54 using Finite Element Method (FEM) with ANSYS APDL include Yield Strength (σy), Modulus of Elasticity (E) and Poisson's Ratio (υ). The parameters used are the result of tensile test results of material rail-54 thermite welding, with Rail-54 test sample obtained from the PT. Dwi Tunggal Karya that has welding certificate issued by BKI (Bureau of Classification Indonesia). The result showed that the von misses stress (σeq) on the weld metal at a maximum of 361.638 MPa while value of material yield strength (σy) is 552.8211 MPa and the von misses stress (σeq) on the areas haz metal maximum of 445.877 MPa while the value of material yield stress / yield strength (σy) is 542.2 MPa. So in theory if the von misses σeq <σy then concluded that the local weld metal and HAZ metal is still in a safe condition. Security level of material weld metal and HAZ metal in the rail 54 can also be classified as save because it has ≥ 0.5 margin of safety.