Strategi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan Berbasis Ekosistem Di Pantura Barat Provinsi Jawa Tengah (Studi Empiris: Kota Tegal, Kabupaten Tegal, Kabupaten Pemalang dan Kabupaten Brebes)

Abstract

Fisheries Management force problems and constraint. It’s caused several management fisheries in Indonesia is not effective yet and the form of government in Indonesia, decentralization. These factors that led to the management of fisheries resources can not be optimal and sustainable. Therefore, ecosystem analyses into fisheries management (EBFM) are needed. The purposes of this study is (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of fisheries management conventional vs new paradigm;, (2) to identification the success (prospect) of fisheries management model with a new paradigm; (3) to establish the strategy of implementation Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management. Brebes Regency, Tegal City, Tegal Regency, and Pemalang Regency were chosen as the study case, that determined after panel discussion with keypersons in field of fisheries. There are two types of data were collected for this study, i.e primary and secondary data. The primary data were taken from 22 respondents as samples with quoted sampling method and purposive sampling method. The secondary data were collected from the concerned institution and some other various related publications. Indonesia as developing country has limited data required for ecosystem-level analyses to implementation EBFM. To achieve the first and the second objective was used RAFMS method and Rapfish. While, to achieve the third objective was used Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the several conventional models of fisheries management (Traditional Based Fisheries Management, Community Based Fisheries Management and Co-management) were still not effective to managing fisheries resources. Therefore, we need try to implement a new paradigm, that is Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM). There are five aspects to be considered to formulate the strategy of EBFM, that is ecological aspects, social aspects, economic aspects, institutional aspects and external aspects. Based on the analysis, the main priority needs to be done to formulate the strategy are: (1) Improve the enforcement, compliance and surveillance to the fisheries resources (Inconsistency Ratio =0.143), (2) Develope the favourable communication among the stakeholders (Inconsistency Ratio=0.125), and Enhancing & updating the research & development for the prioritised activities (Inconsistency Ratio=0.094). This study also proposes a model of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management. The findings of the study are expected to provide understanding of the concept application of EBFM to manage fisheries resource in Indonesian context. Important relationship, data gaps and models that will be identified can be used to guide further research regarding successful the ecosystem management. Besides, this study also will display current knowledge and condition, which can be of particular importance for communication with stakeholders and to aid the understanding of whole process and impacts.