BROILER SMALL INTESTINE VILLI RESPONSE TO FEED CONTAINING PALM KERNEL CAKE WHICH FERMENTED WITH RHIZOPUS SP

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of broiler small intestine villi to feed containing palm kernel cake which was fermented with Rhizopus sp. The experiment used broiler d.o.c. of strain Arbor Acres CP 707 as animal material and was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications and each experimental unit consisted of 4 chicken, then sum of 80 chicken were required. Treatments in the experiment were: A, utilization of FPKC (fermented palm kernel cake) 0 % in the ration, B, utilization of FPKC 9 %, C, utilization of FPKC 18 %, D, utilization of FPKC 27 % and E, utilization of FPKC 36 %. The treatments A, B, C, D and E respectively resulted in average of villi height 1.443, 1.435, 1.423, 1.410 and 1.405 mm for duodenum, 0.998, 0.990, 0.978, 0.975 and 0.973 mm for jejunum and 0.578, 0.575, 0.565, 0.558 and 0.545 mm for ileum. Villi density with the same treatment order were 1.01, 0.99, 0.97, 0.95 and 0.93 unit/ mm2 for duodenum, 1.60, 1.53, 1.50, 1.35 and 1.33 unit/ mm2 for jejunum, 1.58, 1.50, 1.41, 1.38 and 1.28 unit/ mm2 for ileum. Analysis of variance of response of small intestine, in term of villi height and density in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, to the treatments A, B, C, D and E resulted in significantly difference (p < 0.05). There were results of DMRT computation that small intestine responded FPKC at level > 9 % first by decreasing jejunum villi height while at level > 18 % then by decreasing height and density of villi in duodenum, jejunum and ileum. It could be concluded that utilization of 9 % FPKC level in the broiler ration is applicable. Keywords : broiler, fermented palm kernel cake, small intestine villi