PENINGKATAN MUTU MINYAK NILAM DENGAN EKSTRAKSI DAN DESTILASI PADA BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI PELARUT

Abstract

Patchouli oil is categorized in with the main component of essential oil Patchouli Alcohol, patchouli leaves and stems contain this oil. Patchouli oil is good to have PA levels above 30%, clear yellow color and has a distinctive odor that difficult to remove, because the nature of a strong scent, patchouli oil widely used in perfumery and cosmetics industry. Patchouli oil is a commodity exports, Indonesian patchouli oil greatest supplier of the world (90%) so that patchouli oil has a good prospect for development. Intake of patchouli oil is generally used by the steam distillation process, this process yields approximately 2.0% generated with the PA content of 28%. Patchouli oil yield and quality need to be enhanced by the extraction method - distillation. Extraction process is done by using a solvent mixture of n-hexane and benzene, ie variables used stem and leaf weight ratio (5:1, 4:1, 3:1; 2: 1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 ), extraction time (60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240) minutes and the volume ratio of n hexane and benzene (5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1: 2; 1:3) followed by a distillation process to separate oil and solvents. The optimum operating conditions extraction process - distillation was obtained at the stem and leaf weight ratio of 2:1; extraction time 150 min and the volume ratio of n-hexane and benzene 3:1. The yield of 4.3% obtained with the concentration of patchouli alcohol (PA) of 32%. The process of extraction - distillation with a solvent mixture of n-hexane and benzene, produces quality and yield of essential oil that is better than the distillation process Keyword : extraction, destilation, Patchouli oil