Prastyo H, Sulung (2009) PENGARUH KETAMIN INTRAVENA TERHADAP KADAR NITRIC OXIDE MAKROFAG MENCIT BALB/C YANG DIBERI LIPOPOLISAKARIDA THE EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS KETAMINE ON MACROPHAGE NITRIC OXIDE LEVEL IN BALB/C MICE WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.
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Abstract
PENGARUH KETAMIN INTRAVENA TERHADAP KADAR NITRIC OXIDE MAKROFAG MENCIT BALB/C YANG DIBERI LIPOPOLISAKARIDA Latar belakang: nitric oxide (NO) berperan dalam patogenesis terjadinya hipotensi sistemik pada syok septic. Paparan endotoksin akan menyebabkan peningkatan pelepasan NO yang dipengaruhi oleh aktivasi sitokin proinflamasi. Ketamin merupakan obat anestesi yang digunakan untuk penderita sepsis, diduga menekan produksi sitokin proinflamasi akibat paparan lipopolisakarida (LPS), sehingga pembentukan NO dapat dihambat. Tujuan: Menilai pengaruh pemberian ketamin dosis 0,1;0,2 dan 0,4 mg intravena terhadap kadar NO mencit yang diberi lipopolisakarida intraperitoneal. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan desain randomized post test only controlled group pada 20 ekor mencit Balb/c yang disuntik lipoplisakarida intraperitoneal dan Ketamin dosis 0,1 ; 0,2 dan 0,4 mg intravena. Mencit dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok secara random, yaitu K1 sebagai kontrol, K2 yang mendapat ketamin 0,1 mg, K3 yang mendapat ketamin 0,2 mg, dan K4 yang mendapat ketamin 0,4 mg. Pemeriksaan NO diambil dari kultur makrofag intraperitoneal setelah 6 jam pemberian ketamin. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah parametrik ANOVA dan dilanjutkan Post hoc dengan derajat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Kadar rerata NO pada kelompok K1(43,2±2,2),K2(14,8±1,2), K3(11,6±2) dan K4(10,7±1,7). Terdapat perbedaan kadar NO yang signifikan pada kelompok K2,K3 dan K4 dibanding K1 dengan p<0,001, K2 dibanding K3 dengan p=0,015 serta K2 dibanding K4 dengan p=0,002. Sedangkan antara kelompok K3 dibanding K4 tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna dengan p=0,402. Simpulan: Ketamin dapat menurunkan kadar NO makrofag intraperitoneal mencit secara signifikan. Ketamin dosis 0,2 mg intravena efektif untuk menurunkan kadar NO makrofag intraperitoneal. Kata kunci: lipopolisakarida, ketamin, nitric oxide (NO). ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS KETAMINE ON MACROPHAGE NITRIC OXIDE LEVEL IN BALB/C MICE WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED Background: Nitric oxide (NO) has a potential rule in pathogenesis of systemic hypotension in sepsis. Endotoxin increases the activity of the iNOS enzyme and NO release. Proinflamatory cytokines is inflammatory mediators implicated in the induction and activation of iNOS and NO release also. Ketamine is an anesthetic agent and commonly used for septic patients. This agent suppresses endotoxin induced proinflamatory cytokines production and blockade the activation of NF-kB, so the NO production can be inhibited. Objective: to study the effect of Ketamine 0,1;0,2 and 0,4 mg intravenous on intraperitoneal NO level on Balb/c mice with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide. Methods: a randomized post test only controlled group laboratoric experimental studied on 20 male Balb/c mice divided into 4 groups and injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide 20mg/kg and 6 hours later were injected with ketamine . K1 as the control group ; K2, K3, and K4 administrered with ketamine 0,1;0,2; and 0,4 mg intravenously. NO was taken from peritoneal macrophage culture and observed by Grease method. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc statistical assays, with reliability p < 0,05. Results: NO level K1(43,2±2,2),K2(14,8±1,2), K3(11,6±2) and K4(10,7±1,7). There were significant difference in NO level between K2,K3 and K4 than K1 (p<0,001), K2 than K3 (p=0,015) and K2 than K4 (p=0,002). But there was no significant difference between K3 and K4 (p=0,402). Conclusion: Ketamine decreases nitric oxide level in mice intraperitoneal macrophages significantly. Ketamine 0,2 mg is the effective dose for decreasing intraperitoneal nitric oxide level. Keywords: ketamine, lipopolysaccharide, nitric oxide.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Biomedical Science |
ID Code: | 24722 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 2 |
Deposited On: | 16 Dec 2010 09:32 |
Last Modified: | 16 Dec 2010 09:32 |
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