INHIBISI AKTIVITAS PROLIFERASI SEL DAN PERUBAHAN HISTOPATOLOGIK EPITELIAL MUKOSA NASOFARING MENCIT C3H DENGAN PEMBERIAN EKTRAK BENALU TEH THE INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF CELL PROLIFERATION AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF C3H MICE NASOPHARYNGEAL EPITHELIAL MUCOUS BY SCURULLA ATROPURPUREA EXTRACT

Abstract

ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Efek Scurrulla atropurpurea sebagai anti kanker telah banyak dibuktikan hingga tingkat molekuler, namun sebagian besar dilakukan secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan inhibisi aktivitas proliferasi sel dan perubahan histopatologik epitelial mukosa nasofaring mencit C3H dengan pemberian ekstrak Scurrulla atropurpurea Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan post test only control group design, menggunakan 15 mencit C3H sebagai sampel, dibagi tiga kelompok; kelompok kontrol (K) diinduksi dengan uap larutan formalin 10% dalam kotak semi tertutup, diberi diet standar AIN-93M mengandung 54 mg/kgBB formalin selama 9 minggu; kelompok P1 diinduksi uap formalin dan diet standar berformalin selama 6 minggu, lalu diberi 1,5 g/kgBB ekstrak Scurrulla atropurpurea selama 3 minggu per sonde; kelompok P2 diberi ekstrak Scurrulla atropurpurea selama 3 minggu, kemudian diinduksi uap formalin dan diet standar mengandung formalin selama 6 minggu. Di akhir penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologik dan hitung AgNOR. Perubahan histopatologik epitelial mukosa nasofaring dan hitung AgNOR dilakukan oleh ahli patologi anatomi secara membuta. Data yang diperoleh dari semua kelompok diolah dengan SPSS for Windows 11.0. Hasil: Skor perubahan histopatologik epitel nasofaring kelompok K (3,72±0,46), P1 (2,07±0,62), dan P2 (1,69±0,48). Rerata hitung AgNOR kelompok K (3±0,15), P1 (1,72±0,07), dan P2 (1,76±0,08). Uji Kruskal-Wallis terhadap variabel perubahan histopatologik adalah bermakna (p=0,00). Uji Mann-Whitney terhadap variabel perubahan histopatologik antara P1 vs P2, K vs P2, dan P2 vs P3 juga bermakna (p=0,00). Uji Kruskal-Wallis terhadap variabel hitung AgNOR adalah bermakna (p=0,008). Uji Mann-Whitney terhadap variabel hitung AgNOR antara K vs P1 dan K vs P2 juga bermakna (p=0,009), namun antara P1 vs P2 tidak bermakna (p=0,530). Simpulan: Ekstrak Scurrulla atropurpurea sebelum dan sesudah induksi formalin menimbulkan pengaruh berbeda bermakna pada perbaikan skor histopatologik dan aktivitas proliferasi sel epitel mukosa nasofaring mencit C3H. Efek profilaksis Scurrulla atropurpurea lebih kuat daripada efek kuratif. Kata kunci: Scurrulla atropurpurea, formalin, skor histopatologik, AgNOR ABSTRACT Background: The effect of Scurrulla atropurpurea as anti-cancer had been proved molecularly, but mostly in vitro. This study was aimed to prove the inhibition activity of cell proliferation and histopathological changes of C3H mice nasopharyngeal epithelial mucous by Scurrulla atropurpurea. Methods: This was a laboratory study with post test only controlled group design, using 15 C3H mice as sample, divided into three groups; Control group (K)was exposed to formaline solution 10 % and standard dietary contains formaline 54 mg/kgBW for nine weeks; Treatment P1 group was exposed to formaline solution 10% and standard dietary contained formaline 54 mg/kgBB for six weeks then followed with 1.5 g/kgBW Scurrulla atropurpurea extract for 3 weeks; Treatment P2 group added with 1.5 g/kgBW Scurrulla atropurpurea extract for 3 weeks the induced by formaline solution 10% and standard dietary contained formaline 54 mg/kgBB for six weeks. In the end of the research, nasopharyng tissue was processed and examined by pathologyst blindly to determine the histopathologic score of nasopharyngal mucous appearances as well as the AgNOR. The data was processed by SPSS for Windows 11.0. Result: The histopathological mean score of K Group was (3,72±0,46), P1 (2,21±0,7), and P2 (1±0,73). The mean AgNOR count of K Group was (2,95±0,04), P1 (1,74±0,03), and P2 (1,75±0,04). The Kruskal-Wallis test for the histopathological score was significant (p=0,000). The Mann-Whitney test for the histopathological score between P1 vs P2, K vs P2, and P2 vs P3 were also significant (p=0,00). The Kruskal-Wallis test for AgNOR count was significant (p=0,008). The Mann-Whitney test for AgNOR count between K vs P1 and K vs P2 were also significant (p=0,009), but between P1 vs P2 was not significantly different (p=0,530). Conclusion: The Scurrulla atropurpurea extract that given before and after formaline induction effected significantly on the histopathologoical score and AgNOR count. The profilactive effect of Scurrulla atropurpurea was stronger than currative one. Key words: Scurrulla atropurpurea, formaline, histopathological score, AgNOR