LELANG EKSEKUSI OBYEK HAK TANGGUNGAN BERDASARKAN PASAL 6 UNDANG-UNDANG HAK TANGGUNGAN DI KPKNL SEMARANG

Abstract

Abstrak Eksekusi jaminan Hak Tanggungan merupakan langkah terakhir yang dilakukan kreditor selaku penerima Hak Tanggungan apabila debitor selaku pemberi Hak Tanggungan cidera janji melalui Pasal 6 UU No.4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan atas Tanah serta Benda-benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah. Menurut ketentuan dalam Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan tersebut dinyatakan apabila debitor wanprestasi (cidera janji), maka pemegang Hak Tanggungan mempunyai hak untuk menjual obyek hak Tanggungan atas kekuasan sendiri melalui pelelangan umum serta mengambil pelunasan piutangnya dari hasil penjualan tersebut. Pelaksaan lelang melalui Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan tentunya tanpa melalui pertolongan hakim ataupun tanpa fiat eksekusi dari pengadilan. Secara teoritis pasal tersebut terkendala dengan Pasal 26 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi obyek Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggngan di KPKNL Semarang dalam praktek sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-Undang Hak Tanggugan dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan dan penyelesaiannya. Selanjutnya metode yang digunakan adalah Yuridis empiris, yaitu suatu pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk menganalisis tentang sejauh manakah suatu peraturan/ perundang-undangan atau hukum yang sedang berlaku secara efektif, dalam hal ini pendekatan tersebut digunakan untuk menganalisis secara kualitatif tentang pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi obyek Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan di KPKNL Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa : 1) Pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi obyek Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 UUHT di Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang (KPKNL) Semarang telah sesuai dengan ketentuan UUHT. Konstruksi Pasal 6 UUHT tidaklah berbeda dengan prosedur pelaksanaan parate executie menurut ketentuan Pasal 1178 ayat (2) KUH Perdata, yang pada intinya mengatur janji untuk menjual benda jaminan atas kekuasaan (beding van eigen machtige verkoop) dan janji penjualan lelang harus dilakukan menurut cara sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1211 KUH Perdata, sehingga ketentuan Pasal 6 UUHT menegaskan pelaksanaan parate executie melalui pelelangan umum, maka rasio hukumnya pejabat tersebut adalah Pejabat Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang (KPKNL). Oleh karenanya prosedur pelaksanaan parate executie tanpa memerlukan fiat Ketua Pengadilan Negeri, sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan UUHT. 2) Faktor-faktor penghambat dalam proses pembayaran pemenuhan kewajiban pemenang lelang, yaitu dalam hal Pembeli melakukan pembayaran secara tunai ke Pejabat Lelang, rawan tindak kejahatan, adanya gugatan dari pihak debitor, dan tidak selamanya sistem dalam perbankan on line, adakalanya sistem dalam perbankan mengalami off line sehingga diperlukan kebijakan tertentu dalam proses pembayaran oleh Pembeli. Kata Kunci: Lelang, Eksekusi, Hak Tanggungan ABSTRACT The execution of Security Right collateral is a final measure conducted by the creditor as the receiver of Security Right is the debtor as the giver of Security Right violates the agreement, through Article 6 of Act No. 4 Year 1996 concerning Security Right upon Land and Objects relating to Land. According to the stipulation in Article 6 of that Security Right Act, it is stated that if the debtor violates the agreement, therefore, the holder of Security Right has the right to sell the object of Security Right by his/her own authority through a general auction and collect the settlement of his/her credit from the selling. The execution of auction through Article 6 of Security Right Act is surely without any assistance from the judge or without fiat executie from the court. Theoretically, that article is constrained by Article 26 of Security Right Act. The objectives of this research are to find out the execution of the auction of Security Right object execution base on the stipulation of Article 6 of Security Right Act at the State Resources and Auction Service Office (SRASO) of Semarang in its practice according to the stipulations of Security Right Act and factors becoming the obstacles in the execution of executing auction based on the stipulation of Article 6 of Security Right Act and its resolution. Then, the used method is the juridical-empirical method, which is, an approach conducted to analyze how far the law and order is used to analyze qualitatively about the execution of executing action of Security Right object based on Article 6 of Security Right Act at the State Resources and Auction Service Office (SRASO) of Semarang. Based on the research results, it can be found that: 1). The execution of executing auction of Security Right object based on the stipulation of Article 6 of Security Right Act at the State Resources and Auction Service Office (SRASO) of Semarang has been in accordance with the stipulation of Security Right Act. The construction of Article 6 of Security Right Act is not different to the parate executie executing procedure according to the stipulation of Article 1178 verse (2) of Civil Code, which in its essence regulates the agreement to sell the collateral due to the authority (beding van eigen machtige verkoop) and the agreement of auctioning should be conducted according to the manners as regulated in Article 1211 of Civil Code, thus, the stipulation of Article 6 of Security Right Act confirms the execution of parate executie through the general auction-, therefore, its legal ratio, the officials are the Officials of the State Resources and Auction Service Office (SRASO). Therefore, the executive procedure of parate executie, without the necessity of the fiat of the Head of the Court of First Instance, has been in accordance with the stipulation of Security Right Act. 2). The hindering factors in the process of auction winner obligation fulfilling payment process are, in the case of the buyer make a cash payment to the auction officials, prone to criminal actions, claims from the debtor, and the banking system is not always on-line, sometimes, banking system undergoes off-line so that a particular policy is required in the payment process by the buyer. Keywords : auction, execution, Security Right