PERBANDINGAN EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK GAMBIR ( Uncaria gambir Roxb ) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans PADA KONSENTRASI DAN WAKTU KONTAK YANG BERBEDA

Abstract

Background: Gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb) is a kind of herbal that has been known in Indonesia for a long time and added on betel nut chewing as well as additional substance in traditional herbal medicine. VR. Ciptaningtyas study showed that gambier could inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Objective: This research was aimed to prove that combination between concentration and contact time influenced antibacterial effect of gambier’s extract to S. mutans and to determine the optimal combination. Method: This research was a laboratory experimental study with post test only control group design. Gambier’s extract was from traditional plantation in Padang, West Sumatera. Pure colony of S. mutans was yielded from The Regional Health Laboratory Yogyakarta. Concentrations of gambier’s extract were 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL with 30 and 120 seconds of contact time. Turbidity Level was inspected by three independent observers. Data analysis used Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Result: This research showed that combination between concentration and contact time influenced antibacterial activity of gambier’s extract to S. mutans. The optimal combination could not be determined in this research even though the concentration level was 40 mg/mL and contact time was 120 seconds. Conclusion: Combination between concentration and contact time influenced antibacterial effect of gambier’s extract to S. mutans. The optimal combination could not be determined by this research. Suggestion: Require another research with higher concentration and longer contact time. An in vivo study is needed to examine the application of gambier’s extract as mouthwash or toothpaste. Keyword: Uncaria gambir Roxb, Streptococcus mutans, concentration, contact time.