PAPARAN UAP BELERANG SEBAGAI FAKTOR RESIKO TERJADINYA GINGIVITIS : Studi pada Pekerja Tambang Belerang di Gunung Ijen Kabupaten Banyuwangi Jawa Timur

Abstract

Background: Periodontal tissue damage can be caused by endogenous and exogenous factors. One of the exogenous factors affecting the periodontal tissue is the exposure to sulphuric acid fumes. From previous study to sulphuric miners at Mount Ijen Banyuwangi Jawa Timur, high incidence of periodontal disease was found. The aim of this study was to asses sulphuric acid fumes exposure as a risk factor of gingivitis Methods: This study was an observational study with case control design. The case were 30 people who worked as sulphuric miners at Mount Ijen, Banyuwangi, East Java and controls were 30 people who lived around the sulphuric mining but did not work as sulphuric miners. Gingiva Index data collected by direct examination of respondence, classified according to Loe and Sillness Gingiva Index. Oral hygiene as confounding factor was classified according to Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Data were processed with SPSS 15.00 for Windows using chi-square test with 95% confidence interval and level of significancy 0,05. Result: There was a significant correlation between sulphuric acid fumes exposed with moderate/severe gingivitis (p=0,000; Prevalence Odds Ratio=20,000; 95% confidence interval 5,384 to 74,298). Oral hygiene has no significant correlation with moderate/severe gingivitis (p=0,979; Prevalence Odds Ratio=0,987; 95% confidence interval 0,357 to 2,730). Conclusion: This study showed that sulfuric acid fumes exposure was a significant risk factor of moderate/severe dental gingivitis. Oral hygiene was not the risk factor of moderate/severe gingivitis. Keyword: gingivitis, sulphuric acid