SKRINING AWAL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle Linn) SEBAGAI ANTIKANKER DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BLT)

Abstract

Background: Cytotoxic agents are distributed in various plants. Sirih (Piper betle Linn) has a potential cytotoxic activity because it contains flavonoid known as anticancer compound. Early screening of sirih leaf using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BLT) method is needed to know its cytotoxic activity. The aim of this research is to prove the present of anticancer activity in sirih leaf using BLT method. Method: This research was an experimental research using post test only control group design. Amount of Artemia salina Leach larvae used were 10 larvae in every group. In this research, there were 5 groups done 3 times replication for each group. The first until the fourth groups were given doses consecutively 10.000 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, and 10 μg/ml ethanol extracts of sirih leaf, whereas the fifth group was a control (0 μg/ml). Data were gotten from calculating amount of died larvae at 24 hours after treatment then the data were calculated for LC 50 value of ethanol extract of sirih leaf using probit analysis consisted in SPSS 11.5 for windows. Result: The result of probit analysis indicated that LC 50 value of ethanol extract of sirih leaf was 296,546 μg/ml with upper limit at 563,638 μg/ml and lower limit at 158,762 μg/ml. Conclusion: The administering of ethanol extract of sirih leaf had a cytotoxic activity to Artemia salina Leach larvae indicated by LC 50 value <1000 μg/ml. Therefore, evidently based on BLT method, the ethanol extract of sirih leaf had an anticancer activity. Key words: Piper betle Linn, brine shrimp lethality test, cytotoxicity.