KAJIAN BEBAN PENCEMARAN MERKURI (Hg) TERHADAP AIR SUNGAI MENYUKE DAN GANGGUAN KESEHATAN PADA PENAMBANG SEBAGAI AKIBAT PENAMBANGAN EMAS TANPA IZIN (PETI) DI KECAMATAN MENYUKE KABUPATEN LANDAK KALIMANTAN BARAT

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kajian Beban Pencemaran Merkuri (Hg) Terhadap air Sungai Menyuke dan Gangguan Kesehatan Pada Penambang Sebagai Akibat Penambangan Emas Tanpa Ijin ( PETI) Di Kecamatan Menyuke Kabupatten Landak Kalimantan Barat. xv + 93 hal + 13 tabel + 7 gambar + 5 lamp Bahan logam merkuri dalam Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Ijin (PETI) di perairan Sungai Menyuike Kabupaten Landak Kalimantan Barat dapat menimbulkan keluhan gangguan kesehatan terhadap penambang emas dan masyarakat sekitar lokasi PETI yang mengkonsumsi air Sungai Menyuke dan ikan sebagai kebutuhan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beban dan dampak yang diakibatkan oleh pencemaran limbah merkuri (Hg) terhadap penambagn dan masyarakat serta kadar Hg air Sungai di Lingkungan disekitar aliran Sungai Menyuke.Titik pengambilan sampel air Sungai Menyuke pada desa Untang, Betung, Pallah termasuk dalam jenis aliran Laminer, sedangkan pada desa songga, Ansang, Pemantas dan desa Darit termasuk dalam jenis aliran turbulen. Hubungan jarak kadar Hg dalam air Sungai Menyuke dianalisis dengan uji korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan nilai P value < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jarak dengan kadar Hg dalam air. Nilai korelasi tersebut negatif, artinya semakin jauh jarak semakin kecil kadar Hg dalam air. Rata-rata kadar Hg didalam air adalah 0,5324 ppb. Sebelum analisa data untuk mengetahui hubungan jarak dengan kadar Hg telah dilakukan uji normalitas dan hasilnya berdistrubusi normal. Hasil observasi dan wawancara dengan masyarakat di lapangan menunjukkan banyak keluhan gangguan kesehatan pada penambang emas tanpa izin disekitar Sungai Menyuke Kabupaten Landak Kalimantan Barat. Berdasarkan catatan medis puskesmas, wawancara dan kuesioner. Di dapatkan gejala keracunan merkury penelitian sebanyak 60 orang. Kadar merkuri air dan sedimen diukur dengan alat Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) di laboratorium Kesehatan Provinss Kalimanta Barat. Kata kunci : Merkuri, Lingkungan, Pencemaran, Menyuke Kepustakaan : 35 (1990 – 2007) Master of Environmental Health Diponegoro University Semarang 2008 Concentration of Environmental Health Industry Subanri ABSTRACT “The Assessment of Mercury Contamination in Menyuke River and it`s Health to Mine Workers from the Impact of Illegal Gold Mining in Menyuke Distrik, Landak Regency, West Kalimantan xv + 93 pages + 13 tables + 7 pictures + 5 enclosures Mercury Used in Gold Mining (PETI) in the area of Menyuke river, Landak Distrik, West Kalimantan Province may cause health disorders in community and gold mining worker in the area of illegaly gold mining. This research objective was to meaning determine the relationship between the distance of gold mining and mercury concentration. At the sampling site of Menyuke river in Untang, Betung, Pallah village, the water stream was laminar, other wise. In Songga, Ansang, Pemantas, Darit village, the stream of the water is turbulent. The association between the distance of mining and Hg concentration in river Menyuke were analized by product moment correlation. The result of observation and interview with using questionare to the community showed many complain of health disorder in illegally gold mining workers. Medical check up data from Health Centre showed that toxic symptoms were occur in 60 respondents. The result showed that there was significant correlation between the distance of illegally gold mining and the concentrate of mercury in the river water, with P value < 0,05. the correlation value was negative, it indicated that the further of distance, the smaller mercury concentration in the water. The average of mercury substance in the water was 0,5324 part the billion. It is concluded that the distance of gold mining significantly correlated with Hg Concentration in the river water. The concentration of mercury in sediment in the water were measured by Cold Vapor Atomiv Absorption Spectrophotometry (CVAAS) tool, in the health laboratory in the province of West Kalimantan. Key words : mercury, environment, contamination,menyuke Reference : 35(1990-2007)