Ulina Malau, Ruth Mei (2010) SOSOK ETNIS-ETNIS MINORITAS DALAM IKLAN. Undergraduate thesis, Diponegoro University.
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Abstract
SOSOK ETNIS-ETNIS MINORITAS DALAM IKLAN Abstrak Diferensiasi minoritas dan mayoritas akan selalu ada di tengah pluralitas etnis di Indonesia, dan iklan berhasil merepresentasikannya dalam kemasan tontonan yang berbentuk parodi budaya, di mana sosok etnis-etnis minoritas digunakan sebagai objek iklan untuk memperkuat [obsesi] kolonial yang mengarah pada dikotomi ras kulit hitam dan putih. Dibalik citra-citraan yang ditampilkan iklan, tersembunyi beragam mitos minoritas yang menguak kehidupan dan perlakuan yang diterima etnis-etnis minoritas di negara ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Hegemoni Media yang didukung oleh teori-teori Post-colonial. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang merujuk pada metode semiotika, dengan teknik analisis sintagmatik-paradigmatik Saussure yang dipadukan dengan television codes John Fiske. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, etnis-etnis minoritas yang ditampilkan iklan mengacu pada kelompok etnis yang ada di Papua (Dani), Nusa Tenggara Timur (Sumba dan Pulau Dana), Maluku, Sulawesi (Pulau Miangas), dan Sumatera (Aceh dan Nias). Sementara mayoritas mengacu pada etnis Jawa dan Bali yang merupakan etnis yang dianggap paling banyak menerima warisan kolonial. Diferensiasi tersebut mengukuhkan posisi dominan etnis mayoritas, dengan konsekuensi etnis minoritas dijadikan sebagai objek tontonan yang mewakili peradaban yang dianggap tradisional, primitif, dan eksotis. Ke-beradab-an etnis minoritas diragukan ketika iklan menyiratkan beragam mitos-mitos mengenai ke-telanjang-an, tradisi, ke-bersih-an, identitas ke-indo-an, dan kebangsaan di balik tanda-tanda yang seolah terlihat natural. Mitos-mitos tersebut pada akhirnya mengacu pada ideologi-ideologi kelas, ras, dan bahasa. Sosok etnis-etnis minoritas, dalam kemasan iklan, terlihat sebagai sebuah cultural zoo, yaitu kebun binatang budaya yang menggambarkan kekacauan keberagaman manusia Indonesia yang diakibatkan oleh bangsa Barat dan orang-orang yang mewarisi peradaban Barat. Iklan menghilangkan identitas lokal dalam lokalitas etnis minoritas, dan memparodikan mereka dengan membandingkannya dengan globalitas identitas ke-Barat-an yang diwarisi oleh etnis mayoritas. Tidak ada lagi pengakuan terhadap ke-Bhinneka Tunggal Ika-an Indonesia, yang tersisa hanyalah sebuah sejarah yang menyatakan bahwa bangsa ini, dahulu, pernah benar-benar bersatu. Keywords: Etnis, Minoritas, Mayoritas, Kolonial, Mitos FIGURE OF MINORITY ETHNICS IN ADVERTISING Abstract Differentiation between minorities and majorities will always be there in the middle of ethnic plurality in Indonesia, and the advertising was succesfully represented it within a spectacle’s package in the form of culture’s parody, in which figure of minority ethnics are used as an advertising’s object to strengthen the colonial [obsession] that leads to the race dichotomy between black and white. Behind the images displayed by advertising, there are hidden minority myths that reveals the life of and the treatment received by minority ethnics in this country. This research uses the theory of Media Hegemony which supported by the theories of Post-colonial. The approach taken in this research is a qualitative approach which refers to the semiotic’s method, the Saussure’s syntagmatic-paradigmatik analysis techniques combined with the John Fiske’s Television Codes. Based on the result of this research, minority ethnics displayed by the advertising refers to the existing ethnic group in Papua (Dani), East Nusa Tenggara (Sumba and Dana Island), Maluku, Sulawesi (Miangas Island), and Sumatera (Aceh and Nias). While the majority ethnics refers to Javanese and Balinese, which is considered as ethnics accepted the most colonial’s inheritation. The differentiation was strengthened the dominant position to the majority ethnic, with the consequences of minority ethnics were used as spectacle’s objects that represent civilizations that are considered as the traditional, primitive, and exotic one. The minority etnics’ civilized doubt when the advertising imply a variet of myths about the nudity, the tradition, the cleanliness, Eurasian’s identity, and the nationality behind signs as if were seen natural. The myths are ultimately based on ideologies of class, race, and language. Figure of minority ethnics, in advertising’s package, seen as a cultural zoo, which is a zoo describe a disorder of Indonesian’s human diversity that caused by Western nations and those people who inherited the Western civilization. Advertising vanished local’s identity in the locality of minority ethnics, and then parodied them by comparing to the globality of the West’s identity which were inherited by the majority ethnics. There is no more confession of the unity in diversity of Indonesia, the one left is just a history which states that this nation, formerly, was really united. Keywords: Ethnic, Minority, Majority, Colonial, Myth
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) |
Divisions: | Faculty of Social and Political Sciences > Department of Communication |
ID Code: | 23899 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 10 Nov 2010 10:03 |
Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2010 10:03 |
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