PENENTUAN KETOKSIKAN AKUT PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI

Abstract

Background: Phyllanthus niruri is one of the medicinal plants used by the public because it is considered to have many virtues, but there hasn’t research that examine the limit of safety dose for humans. LD50 acute toxicity test is important to determine the usage safeness of this extract. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of acute toxicity of extract of Phylanthus niruri which is shown as the LD50 value on Balb/C mice. Methods: laboratory experimental research by using the Post Test Only Control Group Design. Using 30 male Balb/c mices divided into 1 control group and 4 treatment group, each contain 6 mices. The control group (K) got only NaCl 0,9%, treatment group I (P1) was given a suspension of 5mg/KgBW of extrct of Phyllanthus niruri, the P2 group had 50 mg/KgBW dose its suspension, the P3 group got 500 mg/KgBW and the P4 group was given the highest dose 2000 mg/KgBW. The suspension was given once and orally. Result: the LD50 value of extract of Phyllanthus niruri is 1588,781 mg/KgBW. Significant toxic clinical symptoms were not found in every group of mice. Conclusion: Phyllanthus niruri was a slightly toxic subtance for Balb/c mice based on Gleason criteria. Keyword: Acute toxicity test, Phyllanthus niruri, LD50