FAKTOR RESIKO KOLONISASI PENICILLIN-NONSUSCEPTIBLE Streptococcus pneumoniae PADA NASOFARING BALITA

Abstract

Background : Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause diseases such as pneumonia and meningitis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) in healthy children and analyze whether history of antibiotic used last 3 months, history acute otitis media and contact history of family members who had been treated at a hospital last year was one of risk factors. Methods : This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional data retrieval A total of 197 children who met inclusion and exclusion criteria in 16 neighborhoods in Semarang, filled out the questionnaire and were taken their nasopharyngeal swab. Identification of colonies was done by culturing on Blood Agar and Mac Conkey, assessment of morphology, Gram staining, optochin test, sensivity test used oxacillin and followed by Penicillin G E-Test. The data were analyzed using Chi Square and logistic regression by SPSS version 15.0 for windows. Result : The prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization Streptococcus pneumoniae in 197 healthy children showed as many as 43.1% and the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization PNSP in carrier S. pneumoniae showed as many as 21.1%. Analysis risk factors of history of antibiotic used last 3 months PR =2.621, 95% CI=0.879-7.815, history acute otitis media (AOM) PR=3.15, 95% CI=0.63-15.59, dan contact history of family members who had been treated at a hospital last year PR=1.71 , 95% CI= 0.39-7.42. Conclusion : Nasopharyngeal colonization of PNSP found in healthy children. History of antibiotic used last 3 months, history acute otitis media and contact history of family members who had been treated at a hospital last year are not the risk factors which affect the colonization of PNSP. Keyword : risk factors, colonization of PNSP