PENGARUH TIMBAL (Pb) PADA UDARA JALAN TOL TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS HEPAR DAN KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM DARAH MENCIT BALB/C JANTAN

Abstract

Background: In Indonesia, approximately 70% of air pollution caused by vehicle emissions that emits hazardous substances, one of them is Pb (lead). Lead absorption through respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin contact and in the body can be accumulated in hard tissue and soft tissue. The aim of this study is to prove the effect of ambient air lead located in the highway on liver’s microscopic appearance and lead (Pb) blood level of male balb/c mice. Methods: This research was an experimental study using the post test only controlled group design. The samples were 25 male Balb/c mice that were randomly divided into four groups. K was a control group which placed in a place where was not exposed to lead (Laboratory of Histology Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University). P1, P2, P3, and P4 were treatment groups which were placed on the highway and get a substation of lead exposure on the highway with the exposure time 4 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours. After that, concentration of lead blood were determined with AAS, and liver damage were determined with histopathology examination. The data is analyzed with SPSS for Windows 15.0. Result: The highest liver histopathological score was in P3. The score that being evaluated were parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis. The Kruskall Wallis test showed significant difference (p=0,001). The test was continued with Mann Whitney test that showed significant difference in K-P1 (p=0,018), K-P2 (p=0,009), K-P3 (p=0,006), P1-P2(p=0,011), P1-P3(p=0,004). The One Way Anova test showed there were no significant difference in lead blood level (p=0,062). Conclusion: There were significant differences between liver histopathological appearance of Balb/c mice administrated by air contained lead with exposure time 4 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours compared with control group after 1 month period, and no significant differences of lead blood level. Keyword: Lead lood level, liver microscopic appearance