PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DEKSTROMETORFAN DOSIS BERTINGKAT PER ORAL TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR

Abstract

Background: Dextromethorphan is an opioid derivate antitusive drug that can be found in common cold and cough drug, because of that dextromethorphan has the potential to be used for drug abuse. In dextromethorphan drug abuse case, primary excretion is from kidney, so it can damage the kidney especially the proximal tubule. This experiment’s objective is to observe the effect of per oral gradual dose dextromethorphan to the histopatology image of Wistar rat’s kidney. Method: This experimental study with The Post Test Only Control Group Design used 24 Wistar rats with age of 3-4 months and weight about 150 gram that divided into 4 groups. K group don’t receive any dextromethorphan and act as the control group; P1 group is given 0,175 mg/gBB dextromethorphan; P2 Group is given 0,35 mg/gBB dextromethorphan; P3 group is given 0,7 mg/gBB dextromethorphan. After that the kidney from the dead Wistar rat was taken and the kidney from Wistar rats that survived in 7 days was also taken after the decapitation. After that the kidney was made into slides with HE stain, then the image of proximal tubule of the kidney was examined with microscope. Result: Per oral gradual dose of dextromethorphan caused degeneration in proximal tubule of kidney. One Way ANOVA test showed that there was a significant difference (p=0,000). Post Hoc test showed that there was a significant difference in total proximal tubule damage between K-P1(p=0,000), K-P2(p=0,000), K-P3(p=0,000), P1-P2(p=0,004), P1-P3(p=0,000), P2-P3(p=0,000). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in proximal tubule histopatology image of Wistar rat’s kidney between the group that is given the gradual dose dextromethorphan with the control group, and also there is a significant difference between each group. Keywords: dextromethorphan, histopatology image of kidney