POLA PENYAKIT SARAF PADA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS DI RSUP DR.KARIADI SEMARANG

Abstract

Background: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a type of RNA retrovirus that attacks the human immune system. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is a complication of symptoms and infections that arise because of the immune system damage. Besides attacking the immune system, infection of HIV also affects the nervous system and can cause neurological disorder. Opportunistic infections can occur due to the decreased immunity in patients with HIV / AIDS. These infections can attack the nerve system that endangers the health and function of nerve cells. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of neurological disease that occurs in patient with HIV / AIDS in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Methods: The research design is a retrospective descriptive research, using medical records as samples. 67 samples that meet the criteria for inclusion were taken from the Internal Medicine and Neurology department of RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang period January 2005- July 2010. The data being describe in the form of tables and images. Results: Total were 665 patients of HIV/AIDS and use for 67 HIV / AIDS patients who suffer from neurological diseases. 39 people (58,20%) suffer from brain toxoplasmosis, 5 people (7,50%) suffer from TB meningitis, 6 people (9%) suffer from CMV encephalitis, 5 people(7,50%) suffer from HIV encefalopati and 3 people (4,50%) suffer from non-hemorrhagic stroke. There were 2 patients (2,90%), each from cephalgia and meningoensefalitis; and patient that suffer from cryptococcal meningitis, brain edema, brain stem death, and cerebral atrophy is one (1,50%) for each diseases. From 67 patients there were 38 patients that get their CD4 checked. The results from the CD4 examination showed that 65.8% had CD4 levels of <50 cells / μl. The remaining 18.4% for patients with higher levels of CD4 50-100 cells / μl and 15.8% for patients with CD4 levels> 100 cells / μl. Symptoms that often felt by the patients are 68,66% headache (46 patients); 25,37% impairment of consciousness (17 patients); and 5,97% limb weakness (4 patients). Conclusion: The neurological disease that mostly suffered by patients with HIV / AIDS in the department of internal medicine in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang is CNS Toxoplasmosis with the major complaints that often arises is headache. Keywords: neurological diseases, HIV / AIDS, CD4.