STUDY OF RISK FACTORS IN ISOLATED HYPOSPADIA PATIENTS

Abstract

Background : The incidence of hypospadia tends to increase while the etiology is still unclear. The risk factors of hypospadia have not been studied yet in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to count the proportion of some suggested risk factors of isolated hypospadia particularly patients who referred to Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR) laboratory. Method : This research design was descriptive study with cross sectional approach involving 95 parents of isolated hypospadia patients ranging from 0-24 years old as the sample. The data was collected by means of AGORA questionnaire. The data were tabulated and processed using Microsoft excel to be presented in table and diagram. Result : Proportion of paternal risk factor : 50% from 95 respondents were actively smoke, 17% were exposed to pesticide, 2% were subfertile father, 1% has cryptorchidism history. The proportion of maternal risk factors : 25% from 95 respondents had low birth weight baby, 12% had pregnant in advance age, 9% were exposed to pesticide, 9% were using contraception, and 3% had twin baby. Conclusion : The proportion of paternal risk factor with descending fashion respectively are active smoking, pesticide exposure, subfertile status, cryptorchidism history, and hypospadia history, while in mother are low birth weight, advance age of pregnancy, maternal contraception, pesticide exposure, and twin pregnancy. Some respondents who have more than 1 risk factor might explain that hypospadia occurs as multifactorial disease. Keyword : isolated hypospadia, risk factor, proportion.