UJI TOKSISITAS SUBKRONIS EKSTRAK VALERIAN (Valeriana officinalis) TERHADAP GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR

Abstract

Background: Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is an herb that is used in the treatment of various ailments such as insomnia. Drug excretion mainly occurs in the kidney, so the risk of organ damage becomes very large. Subchronic toxicity test aims to find out more characteristics of the specific toxic effects of chemicals on organs or tissue. This study aimed to determine whether there is an effect of valerian subchronic of macroscopic and microscopic appearance of the kidney. Methods: The experimental research design with Controlled Group Post Test Only Design was used 20 male wistar rats, divided into four groups randomly: one group (K) were given distilled water, and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) with a dose of 9 , 18, and 36 mg / rat via a stomach sonde times per day for three months. Three months to the end-terminated rats for renal volume measured and observed histopatologinya appearance. Macroscopic data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, microscopic data were analyzed with One-Way Anova Test followed by Post-Hoc Test. Results: There were no significant differences between the macroscopic appearance of the control group with treatment group (p = 0.053), whereas there were significant differences on the observation of microscopic image of the kidneys between groups, namely: K-P1 p = 0,001, K-P2, P3, P1-P3 p = 0,000, and P2-P3 p = 0,006. However, there was found no significant differences in microscopic images between P1-P2 with p = 0,054. Conclusion: Subchronic extract Valerian treatment not give effect to the macroscopic appearance of kidney rats, but giving effect to the microscopic appearance of the organ. Keywords: Valerian, kidney’s macroscopic appearance, kidney’s microscopic appearance