FAKTOR RISIKO KOLONISASI ENTEROBACTERIACEAE PADA NASOFARING ANAK

Abstract

Background : Bacterial colonization in the nasopharynx is the initial stage of pathogenesis and the spread of respiratory infections in human. Pattern of colonization research in Asia, especially Indonesia, is still limited and refers to the colonization of Gram-positive bacteria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Enterobactericeae colonization in healthy children and to analyze whether age, cigarette smoke exposure and crowdness was one of risk factors. Methods : This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional data retrieval. A total of 153 children who met inclusion and exclusion criteria in 16 neighborhoods in Semarang, filled out the questionnaire and were taken their nasopharyngeal swab. Identification of colonies was done by culturing on Blood Agar and Mac Conkey, assessment of morphology, Gram staining, oxidase test and confirmed by Vitek 2 machine. The data were analyzed using Chi Square by SPSS version 15.0 for windows. Result : The prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization of Enterobacteriaceae in 153 healthy children showed as many as 11.1%. Analysis of risk factors of age PR = 1.030, p = 0.954, CI 95% = 0.375 to 2.828, exposure to cigarette smoke PR = 1.159, p = 0.775, 95% CI = 0.442 to 3.181, and crowdness PR = 1.762, p = 0,269 and 95% CI = 0.640 to 4.851. Conclusion : Nasopharyngeal colonization of Enterobacteriaceae found in healthy children. Age, exposure to cigarette smoke and crowdness are not the risk factors which affect the colonization of Enterobacteriaceae. Keyword : risk factors, colonization of Enterobactericeae