PERBANDINGAN EFEK EFEDRIN PER ORAL DAN EFEDRIN INTRAMUSKULAR SEBAGAI PROFILAKSIS MENGGIGIL PADA ANESTESI SPINAL

Abstract

Background: Shivering is one of spinal anesthesia complication This condition is uncomfortable for patient. Overcoming by giving vasopressor drugs as soon as possible is required. Ephedrine per oral is an alternative of intramuscular form that have same effectiveness to prevent shivering, but intramuscular has less side effect than oral. The purpose of this research is to compare the incidence of shivering in oral Ephedrine and intramuscular ephedrine premedication on spinal anesthesia Methods: This research used the post test only control group design, using 46 patients that were programmed for lower abdomen and lower extremities elective operation. Divided into two groups in this research, the first I was i.m group which was given 0,6 mg/KgBB ephedrine, the other group II was given 0.6 mg / KgBB per oral. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rate were measured immediately after spinal anesthesia. Data was tested with student-t-test and chi-square, with p <0.05 degree of significance. Results: Patients characteristic and physical status (ASA) of both groups were p> 0.05 so that data could be compared. Initial characteristics consisted of blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart rate were p> 0.05, so that data could be compared as well. Hypothesis test showed decreasing of systolic blood pressure which was significantly different. Hypertension side effect was significantly different in both groups (p <0.05), while, effects of tachycardia and shivering were not significantly different (p> 0.05) Conclusion: Ephedrine 0.6 mg / KgBB per oral is as effective as i.m. ephedrine 0.6 mg/KgBB to prevent shivering incidence. Keywords: ephedrine, shiver, spinal anesthesia