HUBUNGAN ANTARA RIWAYAT PRENATAL DAN PERINATAL DENGAN KEJADIAN SNHL BERAT-SANGAT BERAT PADA ANAK DI RSUP DR KARIADI SEMARANG

Abstract

Background: There’re many report about risk factors of SNHL, including prenatal and perinatal period, but still many difference among them. Based on data, prenatal and perinatal period in Indonesia, especially Central Java, still far from good. Because of that, we do this study to analyze the association between prenatal-perinatal period with severe-profound SNHL among children in Dr. Kariadi hospital Semarang. Methods: This is a case control study. By consecutive sampling, we use medical records of 168 children who had been measure for hearing function in CDC RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang from February until December 2009. Subjects with severe-profound SNHL, at least for an ear, are classified as case group; the others who have normal hearing are classified as control group. We use Chi-square test, then we calculate odds ratio, and finally by logistic regression, with SPSS for Windows 16.0. Result: Chi square test (α=0,05; CI95%; power 80%) which has p<0,05 in prenatal period are birth order more than three, rubella infection, history of fever and exanthema, and drug/traditional drug usage for abortion. In the perinatal period, we found low birth weight, preterm gestational age, vaginal delivery, and history of didn’t cry directly short after birth. Result of logistic regression analysis which has p<0,05; are prenatal rubella (aRO=6,82; CI95%=1,105-94,474), birth weight (aRO=2,83; CI95%=1,116-7,179), and history of crying directly short after birth (aRO=6,58; CI95%=1,649-25,529). Conclusions: Prenatal rubella infection, low birth weight, and history of didn’t cry directly short after birth can independently associate with severe-profound SNHL. Key words: prenatal, perinatal, severe-profound SNHL