PENGELOLAAN PENDERITA PNEUMOTHORAKS SPONTAN YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT DI SEMARANG SELAMA PERIODE 2000 - 2006

Abstract

Background : Incident of spontaneous pneumothorax is unknown. This study was aimed to know characteristics, signs and symptoms, managements, succession rate of management, and complications occurred in spontaneous pneumothorax patients. Methods : This was a descriptive research. Secondary data was collected from medical records in dr. Kariadi, Panti Wiloso Citarum, Panti Wiloso dr. Cipto, and Telogorejo hospital from January 1 st, 2000 to December 31 st, 2006. The sample covered the whole population. Results : 138 cases were found. The highest incident found in 2003 and 2004 (25 cases) and the lowest in 2000 (13 cases). The youngest patient was 1 day-old and the oldest was 85 year-old. Most primary type spontaneous pneumothorax occurred in 21–30 year-old patients (17 cases) and most secondary type occurred in 31–40 year-old patients (15 cases). 99 male (71.7%) and 39 female (28.3%) patients were found. 79 primary type cases (57.3%) and 59 secondary type cases (42.7%) were found. Most patients showed dyspneu (90.6%), non productive cough (37.0%), and chest pain (24.6%). Most patients were managed with chest tube insertion, sometimes combination therapies were needed. There were 29 patients cured (21.0%), 77 improved in condition (55.8%), and 24 patients died (17.4%). Sub cutis emphysema (7.2%), apnea (5.8%), recurrent pneumothorax, and hydropneumothorax (5.1%) were found as complications. Conclusions : Small spontaneous pneumothorax was only being observed in emergency department, simple aspiration or chest tube insertion is not appropriate unless the pneumothorax enlarge, however large spontaneous pneumothorax was directly managed with chest tube insertion. Management, which was chosen, was not influenced by age of the patient. The succession rate of management was not influenced by age of the patient nor the type of spontaneous pneumothorax. Key Words : spontaneous pneumothorax, dr. Kariadi hospital, Panti Wiloso Citarum hospital, Panti Wiloso dr. Cipto hospital, Telogorejo hospital.